How are Sperms Transferred From Male to Female in Humans?
In humans, sperm are transferred from male to female through sexual intercourse. Let’s see the process in detail.
How are Sperms Transferred From Male to Female in Humans?
The process by which sperms transfer from male to female is given below:
- Erection and Insertion: During sexual arousal, the male penis becomes erect due to increased blood flow. The erect penis is then inserted into the female vagina.
- Ejaculation: During ejaculation, the male releases semen, a fluid that contains millions of sperm cells, from the penis. Semen is produced by the male reproductive glands, including the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands. These glands provide nutrients and a medium for the sperm to swim in.
- Travel Through the Vagina: Once semen is deposited in the vagina, sperm begin their journey towards the female reproductive organs. The acidic environment of the vagina is challenging for sperm, but the semen’s alkaline nature helps protect them initially.
- Cervical Passage: Sperm then travel through the cervix, the lower, narrow part of the uterus. Around ovulation, the cervical mucus becomes thinner and more slippery, helping the sperm’s movement.
- Uterine Movement: After passing through the cervix, sperm enter the uterus. The uterine contractions help facilitate the movement of sperm towards the fallopian tubes.
- Swimming Up the Fallopian Tubes: Sperm swims up the fallopian tubes. Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tubes. The egg, released during ovulation, travels down the fallopian tube to meet the sperm.
- Fertilization: If a sperm successfully reaches and penetrates an egg, fertilization occurs. The sperm and egg unite to form a zygote, which will eventually implant itself in the uterine wall and develop into an embryo.
- Sperm Survival and Mobility: The entire process is complex and requires sperm to survive the female reproductive tract’s conditions. Sperm must be motile and capable of navigating through various barriers to reach the egg. They can survive up to 5 days within the female reproductive system.
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