What is Java Signature initSign() method with Examples?

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Java Signature initSign() method with Examples️‍🔥

initSign(PrivateKey privateKey)

The initSign() method of java.security.Provider class is used to initialize this object for signing. If this method is called again with a different argument, it negates the effect of this call.

Syntax:

public final void 
    initSign(PrivateKey privateKey) 
        throws InvalidKeyException

Parameters: This method takes the private key of the identity as parameter whose signature is going to be generated
Exception: This method throws InvalidKeyException if the key is invalid.

Below are the examples to illustrate the initSign() method:

Note: The following program will not run in online IDE

Example 1:

Java

// Java program to demonstrate
// initSign() method
 
import java.security.*;
import java.util.*;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
 
public class GFG1 {
    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception
    {
        try {
 
            // calling getKeyPair() method and assigning in keypair
            KeyPair keyPair = getKeyPair();
 
            // creating byte array object
            byte[] outbuff = new byte[1000];
 
            // data to be updated
            byte[] data = "test".getBytes("UTF8");
 
            // creating the object of Signature
            Signature sr = Signature.getInstance("SHA1WithRSA");
 
            // initializing the signature object with key pair
            // for signing
            // Using method initSign
            sr.initSign(keyPair.getPrivate());
 
            // updating the data
            sr.update(data);
 
            // getting the signature byte
            // of an signing operation
            // by using method sign()
            byte[] bytes = sr.sign();
 
            // printing the number of byte
            System.out.println("Signature:" + Arrays.toString(bytes));
        }
 
        catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
 
            System.out.println("Exception thrown : " + e);
        }
        catch (SignatureException e) {
 
            System.out.println("Exception thrown : " + e);
        }
    }
 
    // defining getKeyPair method
    private static KeyPair getKeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
    {
 
        // creating the object of KeyPairGenerator
        KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
 
        // initializing with 1024
        kpg.initialize(1024);
 
        // returning the key pairs
        return kpg.genKeyPair();
    }
}

Output:

Signature:[-109, -21, 90, -114, -22,
....
....
...., 92, 1]

Example 2: To show InvalidKeyException

Java

// Java program to demonstrate
// initSign() method
 
import java.security.*;
import java.util.*;
 
public class GFG1 {
    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception
    {
        try {
 
            // data to be updated
            byte[] data = "test".getBytes("UTF8");
 
            // creating the object of Signature
            Signature sr = Signature.getInstance("SHA1WithRSA");
 
            // initializing the signature object with key pair
            // for signing
            // Using method initSign
            System.out.println("Trying to put null as private key ");
            sr.initSign(null);
 
            // updating the data
            sr.update(data);
 
            // getting the signature byte
            // of an signing operation
            // by using method sign()
            byte[] bytes = sr.sign();
 
            // printing the number of byte
            System.out.println("Signature:" + Arrays.toString(bytes));
        }
 
        catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
 
            System.out.println("Exception thrown : " + e);
        }
        catch (SignatureException e) {
 
            System.out.println("Exception thrown : " + e);
        }
        catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
 
            System.out.println("Exception thrown : " + e);
        }
    }
}

Output:

Trying to put null as private key 
Exception thrown : java.security.InvalidKeyException: Key must not be null

initSign(PrivateKey privateKey, SecureRandom random)

The initSign() method of java.security.Provider class is used to initialize this object for signing. If this method is called again with a different argument, it negates the effect of this call.

Syntax:

public final void 
    initSign(PrivateKey privateKey, SecureRandom random)
        throws InvalidKeyException

Parameters: This method takes following parameters:

privateKey– the private key of the identity whose signature is going to be generated.
random– the source of randomness for this signature.

Exception: This method throws InvalidKeyException if the key is invalid.

Below are the examples to illustrate the sign() method:

Note: The following program will not run in online IDE

Example 1:

Java

// Java program to demonstrate
// initsign() method
 
import java.security.*;
import java.util.*;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
 
public class GFG1 {
    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception
    {
        try {
 
            // calling getKeyPair() method and assigning in keypair
            KeyPair keyPair = getKeyPair();
 
            // creating byte array object
            byte[] outbuff = new byte[1000];
 
            // data to be updated
            byte[] data = "test".getBytes("UTF8");
 
            // creating the object of Signature
            Signature sr = Signature.getInstance("SHA1WithRSA");
 
            // creating the object of SecureRandom
            SecureRandom sb = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
 
            // initializing the signature object with key pair
            // for signing
            sr.initSign(keyPair.getPrivate(), sb);
 
            // updating the data
            sr.update(data);
 
            // getting the signature byte
            // of an signing operation
            // by using method sign()
            byte[] bytes = sr.sign();
 
            // printing the number of byte
            System.out.println("Signature:" + Arrays.toString(bytes));
        }
 
        catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
 
            System.out.println("Exception thrown : " + e);
        }
        catch (SignatureException e) {
 
            System.out.println("Exception thrown : " + e);
        }
    }
 
    // defining getKeyPair method
    private static KeyPair getKeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
    {
 
        // creating the object of KeyPairGenerator
        KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
 
        // initializing with 1024
        kpg.initialize(1024);
 
        // returning the key pairs
        return kpg.genKeyPair();
    }
}

Output:

Signature:[-121, -82, ....
....
....104, 114, -67]

Example 2: To show InvalidKeyException

Java

// Java program to demonstrate
// initSign() method
 
import java.security.*;
import java.util.*;
 
public class GFG1 {
    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception
    {
        try {
 
            // creating byte array object
            byte[] outbuff = new byte[1000];
 
            // data to be updated
            byte[] data = "test".getBytes("UTF8");
 
            // creating the object of Signature
            Signature sr = Signature.getInstance("SHA1WithRSA");
 
            // creating the object of SecureRandom
            SecureRandom sb = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
 
            // initializing the signature object with null key pair
            // for signing using initSign() method
            System.out.println("Trying to put the null as key");
            sr.initSign(null, sb);
 
            // updating the data
            sr.update(data);
 
            // getting the signature byte
            // of an signing operation
            // by using method sign()
            byte[] bytes = sr.sign();
 
            // printing the number of byte
            System.out.println("Signature:" + Arrays.toString(bytes));
        }
 
        catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
 
            System.out.println("Exception thrown : " + e);
        }
        catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
 
            System.out.println("Exception thrown : " + e);
        }
    }
}

Output:

Trying to put the null as key
Exception thrown : java.security.InvalidKeyException: Key must not be null