Maximum count of Strings to be selected such that there is a majority character
Given an array A[]of N strings of lowercase characters, the task is to find maximum number of strings, such that one character has majority i.e. the occurrence of one character in all of the strings is greater than all the other characters combined.
Examples:
Input: A[] = {“aba”, “abcde”, “aba”}
Output: 2
Explanation: On choosing {“aba”, “aba”}, the occurrence of character ‘a’ is 4 and the occurrence of rest of the characters is 2, which is less than 4. So, a maximum of 2 strings can be chosen.Input: A[] = {“bzc”, “zzzdz”, “e”}
Output: 3
Explanation: All the strings can be chosen, where ‘z’ has the majority.
Approach: There is a Greedy Solution to this problem. The idea is that, consider all the lowercase characters from ‘a’ to ‘z’ and for every character, find the maximum number of strings that can be chosen, so that the occurrence of that character is greater than all the other characters combined. Maximum of them will be the answer. Now the main problem is how to find the maximum number of strings such that one particular character has majority, to solve this use greedy algorithm. The idea is that, to find the maximum number of strings for a particular character ‘ch’, try to choose the strings in which occurrence of ‘ch’ is greatest compared to the occurrence of all the other characters, i.e. the strings in which (occurrence of ‘ch’ – occurrence of all other character) is maximum so that it will be possible to add more strings in the future.
Follow the steps below to solve the problem:
- Define a function CalDif(string s, char ch) and perform the following tasks:
- Initialize the variables chcount as 0 to store the count of that character and othercount as 0 to store the count of other characters.
- Traverse the string s using the variable x and perform the following tasks:
- If character at current position is ch, then increase the value of chcount by 1 else increase the value of othercount by 1.
- Return the difference between chcount and othercount.
- Initialize the variable ans and assign 0, it will store the final answer.
- Iterate over the lower-case character range [a, z] using the variable i and perform the following steps:
- Initialize a vector arr[] of length N, where arr[i] will store (occurrence of ch – occurrence of all other character) for i-th string.
- Run a loop from i=0 to N-1
- For the ith string compute (occurrence of ch – occurrence of all other character) using the function CalDiff(A[i], ch) and assign it to arr[i].
- Sort arr[] in decreasing order.
- Initialize two variables temp and count and assign 0 to them.
- Traverse the array arr[] and do temp += arr[i] and count++, where i starts from 0, until temp <= 0.
- Set the value of ans max of ans and count.
- After performing the above steps, print the value of ans as the answer.
Below is the implementation of the above approach:
C++
// C++ program for the above approach #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; // Function to calculate (occurrence of ch - // occurrence of all other characters combined) int CalDiff(string s, char ch) { // Initialize ch count as 0 int chcount = 0; // Initialize all other char count as 0 int othercount = 0; // Traversing the string for ( auto x : s) { // Current character is ch if (x == ch) chcount++; // Current character is not ch else othercount++; } // Return the final result return (chcount - othercount); } // Function to calculate maximum number of string // with one character as majority int MaximumNumberOfString(string A[], int N) { // Initializing ans with 0, to store final answer int ans = 0; // For every character from 'a' to 'z' run loop for ( char ch = 'a' ; ch <= 'z' ; ch++) { // Initialize arr to store character count // difference vector< int > arr(N); // Traverse every string for ( int i = 0; i < N; i++) { // Calculate the required value by // function call and assign it to arr[i] arr[i] = CalDiff(A[i], ch); } // Sort arr[] in decreasing order sort(arr.begin(), arr.end(), greater< int >()); // Initialize temp and count as 0 int temp = 0, count = 0; // Adding the first arr[] element to temp temp += arr[0]; // Maintaining j as index int j = 1; // Run loop until temp <= 0 while (temp > 0) { // Increasing count count++; // Adding temp with next arr[] element if (j != N) temp += arr[j++]; else break ; } // Set ans as max of ans and count ans = max(ans, count); } // Returning the final result return ans; } // Driver Code int main() { // Input string A[] = { "aba" , "abcde" , "aba" }; int N = sizeof (A) / sizeof (A[0]); // Function call cout << MaximumNumberOfString(A, N); return 0; } |
Java
// Java program for the above approach import java.util.*; class GFG { // Function to calculate (occurrence of ch - // occurrence of all other characters combined) static int CalDiff(String s, char ch) { // Initialize ch count as 0 int chcount = 0 ; // Initialize all other char count as 0 int othercount = 0 ; // Traversing the String for ( int x : s.toCharArray()) { // Current character is ch if (x == ch) chcount++; // Current character is not ch else othercount++; } // Return the final result return (chcount - othercount); } // Function to calculate maximum number of String // with one character as majority static int MaximumNumberOfString(String A[], int N) { // Initializing ans with 0, to store final answer int ans = 0 ; // For every character from 'a' to 'z' run loop for ( char ch = 'a' ; ch <= 'z' ; ch++) { // Initialize arr to store character count // difference int []arr = new int [N]; // Traverse every String for ( int i = 0 ; i < N; i++) { // Calculate the required value by // function call and assign it to arr[i] arr[i] = CalDiff(A[i], ch); } // Sort arr[] in decreasing order Arrays.sort(arr); arr = reverse(arr); // Initialize temp and count as 0 int temp = 0 , count = 0 ; // Adding the first arr[] element to temp temp += arr[ 0 ]; // Maintaining j as index int j = 1 ; // Run loop until temp <= 0 while (temp > 0 ) { // Increasing count count++; // Adding temp with next arr[] element if (j != N) temp += arr[j++]; else break ; } // Set ans as max of ans and count ans = Math.max(ans, count); } // Returning the final result return ans; } static int [] reverse( int a[]) { int i, n = a.length, t; for (i = 0 ; i < n / 2 ; i++) { t = a[i]; a[i] = a[n - i - 1 ]; a[n - i - 1 ] = t; } return a; } // Driver Code public static void main(String[] args) { // Input String A[] = { "aba" , "abcde" , "aba" }; int N = A.length; // Function call System.out.print(MaximumNumberOfString(A, N)); } } // This code is contributed by Amit Katiyar |
Python3
# Python 3 program for the above approach # Function to calculate (occurrence of ch - # occurrence of all other characters combined) def CalDiff(s, ch): # Initialize ch count as 0 chcount = 0 # Initialize all other char count as 0 othercount = 0 # Traversing the string for x in s: # Current character is ch if (x = = ch): chcount + = 1 # Current character is not ch else : othercount + = 1 # Return the final result return (chcount - othercount) # Function to calculate maximum number of string # with one character as majority def MaximumNumberOfString(A, N): # Initializing ans with 0, to store final answer ans = 0 # For every character from 'a' to 'z' run loop for ch in range ( 97 , 123 , 1 ): # Initialize arr to store character count # difference arr = [ 0 for i in range (N)] # Traverse every string for i in range (N): # Calculate the required value by # function call and assign it to arr[i] arr[i] = CalDiff(A[i], chr (ch)) # Sort arr[] in decreasing order arr.sort(reverse = True ) # Initialize temp and count as 0 temp = 0 count = 0 # Adding the first arr[] element to temp temp + = arr[ 0 ] # Maintaining j as index j = 1 # Run loop until temp <= 0 while (temp > 0 ): # Increasing count count + = 1 # Adding temp with next arr[] element if (j ! = N): temp + = arr[j] j + = 1 else : break # Set ans as max of ans and count ans = max (ans, count) # Returning the final result return ans # Driver Code if __name__ = = '__main__' : # Input A = [ "aba" , "abcde" , "aba" ] N = len (A) # Function call print (MaximumNumberOfString(A, N)) # This code is contributed by SURENDRA_GANGWAR. |
C#
// C# program for the above approach using System; class GFG{ // Function to calculate (occurrence of ch - // occurrence of all other characters combined) static int CalDiff( string s, char ch) { // Initialize ch count as 0 int chcount = 0; // Initialize all other char count as 0 int othercount = 0; // Traversing the String foreach ( int x in s.ToCharArray()) { // Current character is ch if (x == ch) chcount++; // Current character is not ch else othercount++; } // Return the final result return (chcount - othercount); } // Function to calculate maximum number of String // with one character as majority static int MaximumNumberOfString( string [] A, int N) { // Initializing ans with 0, to store final answer int ans = 0; // For every character from 'a' to 'z' run loop for ( char ch = 'a' ; ch <= 'z' ; ch++) { // Initialize arr to store character count // difference int []arr = new int [N]; // Traverse every String for ( int i = 0; i < N; i++) { // Calculate the required value by // function call and assign it to arr[i] arr[i] = CalDiff(A[i], ch); } // Sort arr[] in decreasing order Array.Sort(arr); arr = reverse(arr); // Initialize temp and count as 0 int temp = 0, count = 0; // Adding the first arr[] element to temp temp += arr[0]; // Maintaining j as index int j = 1; // Run loop until temp <= 0 while (temp > 0) { // Increasing count count++; // Adding temp with next arr[] element if (j != N) temp += arr[j++]; else break ; } // Set ans as max of ans and count ans = Math.Max(ans, count); } // Returning the final result return ans; } static int [] reverse( int [] a) { int i, n = a.Length, t; for (i = 0; i < n / 2; i++) { t = a[i]; a[i] = a[n - i - 1]; a[n - i - 1] = t; } return a; } // Driver Code public static void Main(String []args) { // Input string [] A = { "aba" , "abcde" , "aba" }; int N = A.Length; // Function call Console.WriteLine(MaximumNumberOfString(A, N)); } } // This code is contributed by sanjoy_62 |
Javascript
<script> // Javascript program for the above approach // Function to calculate (occurrence of ch - // occurrence of all other characters combined) function CalDiff(s, ch) { // Initialize ch count as 0 let chcount = 0; // Initialize all other char count as 0 let othercount = 0; // Traversing the string for (let x of s) { // Current character is ch if (x == ch) chcount++; // Current character is not ch else othercount++; } // Return the final result return chcount - othercount; } // Function to calculate maximum number of string // with one character as majority function MaximumNumberOfString(A, N) { // Initializing ans with 0, to store final answer let ans = 0; // For every character from 'a' to 'z' run loop for (let ch = "a" .charCodeAt(0); ch <= "z" .charCodeAt(0); ch++) { // Initialize arr to store character count // difference let arr = new Array(N); // Traverse every string for (let i = 0; i < N; i++) { // Calculate the required value by // function call and assign it to arr[i] arr[i] = CalDiff(A[i], String.fromCharCode(ch)); } // Sort arr[] in decreasing order arr.sort((a, b) => b - a); // Initialize temp and count as 0 let temp = 0, count = 0; // Adding the first arr[] element to temp temp += arr[0]; // Maintaining j as index let j = 1; // Run loop until temp <= 0 while (temp > 0) { // Increasing count count++; // Adding temp with next arr[] element if (j != N) temp += arr[j++]; else break ; } // Set ans as max of ans and count ans = Math.max(ans, count); } // Returning the final result return ans; } // Driver Code // Input let A = [ "aba" , "abcde" , "aba" ]; let N = A.length; // Function call document.write(MaximumNumberOfString(A, N)); // This code is contributed by _saurabh_jaiswal. </script> |
2
Time Complexity: O(N * |s|), where |s| is maximum string length.
Auxiliary Space: O(N)