Azure Interview Questions and Answers

Azure, Microsoft’s cloud computing platform, is well-known for its comprehensive set of services, scalability, security, computing power, storage, databases, networking, and analytics, on a pay-as-you-go basis. and support for various programming languages and frameworks.

Here, we provide 45+ Azure Interview Questions and Answers tailored for both Freshers and experienced professionals. Here, we cover everything, including core Azure concepts, Azure services, cloud architecture, deployment models, security, Azure DevOps, and more, that will surely help you to crack Azure interviews.

1. What is Azure?

Azure is a cloud computing platform that facilitates with providing a broad range of services such as computing, analytics, storage and networking. It ensures the businesses to build, deploy and manage the applications efficiently across a global network of data centers.

Here are some benefits of using Azure Computing Services.

• Scalability: It facilitates with easily scalable applications and services to up or down the replicas based on the demand.
• Cost-Effectiveness: It charges only for what we use, through it helps us in reducing the expenditure on IT infrastructure.
• Flexibility: It also supports for a wide range of operating systems, programming languages, frameworks and tools.
• Disaster Recovery: It provides comprehensive backup and disaster recovery solutions facilitating the business continuity.

2. How did you Learn Azure?

Learning of Azure can be achieved through various methods such as online courses, official Microsoft documentation, hands-on labs, certification programs, tutorials and participation in community forms and events.

3. What does cloud computing mean and what do you understand?

Cloud Computing is a delivery of computing services over the internet including servers, storages, databases, networking, software and analytics. it offers on-demand resources, scalability and pay-as-you-go pricing.

4. What are Azure Cloud Services?

Azure Cloud Services are the PaaS facilitating the developers to build, deploy the applications without managing the underlying infrastructure. The key services of this includes Azure Virtual Machines, App Services and Azure Functions.

5. What are the various models available for cloud deployment?

They are generally three models available for cloud deployment as follows:

• Public Cloud: It offers the services over the public internet and shared across the multiple users.
• Private Cloud: It provides the dedicated services to a single organization that are hosted either on-premises or in a third-party data center.
• Hybrid Cloud: It combines both the public and private clouds facilitating the flow of data and applications in sharing between them.

6. Why is Azure Diagnostics APIs needed?

Azure Diagnostics APIs are used to collect and store the diagnostic data such as logs and metrics from the applications that are running in Azure. It helps in monitoring performance, identifying the issues and maintaining the application health.

7. Define Azure Service Level Agreements (SLA)?

Azure Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are the formal documents that are used for defining the performance and availability standards that Azure services must meet. They specify the uptime guarantees and provides the remedies or compensations if these standards or not met.

8. What is Azure Resource Manager?

It is a service that provides the management layer for all the Azure resources. It supports the users to deploy, manage and organize the resources through a unified interfaces using the templates in a declarative syntax.

9. What is NSG?

NSG stands for Network Security Group, it is a feature in Azure that provides the control on inbound and outbound traffic of to and from Azure resources. IT allows the users in defining the security rules to filter the traffic based on the IP address, port and protocol.

10. Why do you choose your Career in Cloud Computing?

The career on the Cloud Computing provides the opportunities to work with cutting-edge technologies, high demand for skilled professionals and it is potential for significant career growth and impact.

11. Why do you Choose Microsoft Azure and Not AWS?

The selection of Microsoft Azure over AWS is because of better integration with Microsoft products, competitive pricing, extensive hybrid cloud capabilities, and comprehensive enterprise solutions tailored for various industries.

12. How Does Microsoft Azure Differs Compared to AWS Cloud?

Azure offers stronger integration with Microsoft products and services, robust hybrid cloud solutions, and a user-friendly interface. AWS is known for its vast range of services and global market leadership. The choice depends on specific business needs and existing IT infrastructure.

11. What is Azure Redis Cache?

Azure Redis is a managed in-memory cache service that is based on the open-source Redis software. It provides high-performancde, scalable and cost-effective caching

12. Define Azure Virtual Machine Scale Sets.

Azure virtual machine scale sets are the type of service in Azure that allows us in creating and manage a group of identical, balanced VMs. They facilitate with automatic scaling of number of VMs in response to the demand. It ensures wit high availability and performance.

13. What do you understand about the “Availability Set”?

An Availability set is a grouping of VMs within a data center ensuring the high availability by distributing VMs across multiple isolated hardware nodes reducing the risk of simultaneous failures.

14. What are the available options for deployment environments provided by Azure?

Azure offers several deployment environments: Azure App Service for web apps, Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) for containerized applications, Azure Virtual Machines for custom environments, and Azure Functions for serverless computing.

15. What do you need to do when drive failure occurs?

When a drive failure occurs, Azure provides automatic redundancy and backup options. Ensure regular backups are in place, and use Azure Site Recovery or other replication services to restore data and minimize downtime.

16. Is it possible to design an application that handles the connection failure in Azure?

Yes, applications can be designed to handle connection failures by implementing retry logic, using Azure’s built-in fault-tolerant services, and leveraging Azure Traffic Manager for failover capabilities.

17. Define Azure Storage Key.

An Azure Storage Key is a security key used to authenticate access to Azure Storage accounts. There are two keys (primary and secondary) provided for redundancy, allowing for key rotation without downtime.

18. What is cspack in Azure?

The cspack is a command-line tool that used for generating a service package files for deployment to Azure Cloud Services. It packages application binaries, configuration files, and other resources into a format that Azure can deploy.

19. What is the best Azure Solution for executing the code without a server?

Azure Functions are the best solution for executing the code without a server providing a serverless computing environment where it can run an event-driven code without managing the infrastructure.

20. What would be the best feature recommended by Azure for having a common file-sharing system between multiple virtual machines?

Azure File Share is the best feature for a common file-sharing system. It provides fully managed file shares in the cloud that can be accessed via SMB protocol by multiple VMs.

21. Is it possible to log in to a Linux Virtual Machine without using a password?

Yes, it is possible to log in to a Linux VM without a password through SSH key-based authentication. Go through the ssh configuration enable the password authentication and restart the ssh service then try on login to that VM without using password Here ensure the login user that doesn’t have any password to login.

22. What are the differences between Azure Scale Sets and Availability Sets?

Azure Scale Sets allow automatic scaling of VMs based on demand, whereas Availability Sets ensure high availability by distributing VMs across multiple fault and update domains. Scale Sets provide scaling, and Availability Sets provide redundancy.

23. What is Azure Blob Storage?

Azure Blob Storage is a service for storing large amounts of unstructured data such as text, binary data, images, and videos. It is highly scalable and accessible over HTTP/HTTPS.

24. What are the instance types offered by Azure?

Azure offers various instance types, including General Purpose (e.g., D-series), Compute Optimized (e.g., F-series), Memory Optimized (e.g., E-series), Storage Optimized (e.g., L-series), and GPU instances (e.g., N-series) to cater to different workloads and requirements.

25. What is Azure Scheduler in Azure?

Azure scheduler is a type of service in Azure that helps in creating the jobs for automatically calling the services or running the coe on a schedule. It trigger the HTTP/S endpoints, post messages to the Azure Storage Queues and executable jobs at a specified times. It facilitates the automation for recurring tasks.

26. What feature of Azure can be used to stop the issue of high load on the application in cases of no man support on the flow?

Azure Auto-Scaling helps manage high load by automatically adjusting the number of running instances based on predefined metrics and thresholds. This feature ensures that applications can scale up or down dynamically, maintaining performance without manual intervention.

27. What are the types of storage services apart from blob storage provided by Azure?

The following are the types of storages services that are available in Azure apart from the blob storage:

• Table Storage: For NoSQL key-value pairs, suitable for large volumes of structured data.
• Queue Storage: For message queuing between application components.
• File Storage: For fully managed file shares accessible via the SMB protocol.

28. What are IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS?

The following discuss about IaaS, PaaS and SaaS:

• IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Infrastructure as a Service facilitates with virtualized computing resources like virtual machines, storages, and networking over the internet.
• PaaS (Platform as a Service): Platform as a Service facilitates with hardware and software tools for developers to build, deploy, and manage applications without handling the underlying infrastructure.
• SaaS (Software as a Service): Software as a Service helps the software applications over the internet on a subscription basis, removing the need for local installation and maintenance.

29. What are the differences between Azure Table Storage and the Azure SQL service?

The following are the differences between Azure Table Storage and Azure SQL service:

30. What are the differences between Azure Storage Queue and Azure Service Bus Queue?

The following are the differences between Azure Storage Queue and Azure Service Bus Queue:

31. What are the possible causes of the client application to be disconnected from the cache?

The following are the some of the possible causes of the Client application to be disconnected from the cache:

• Network Issues: They is a chance of connection failure between the client and server cache can be one of the reason for network disconnection.
• Cache Server Failure: If the cache server experiencing any failure of unreachability because of its hardware issues or software bugs may leads in loosing the connectivity to the cache.
• Resource Exhaustion: On exhaustion of underlying infrastructure resource utilization such as CPU, memory or storage may results in unresponsiveness because of high loads or unexpected traffic spikes.

32. What are the deployment environments offered by Azure?

Azure Cloud Platform offers several deployment environments some of them are listed as follows:

• Azure App Service: It facilitates with hosting web applications.
• Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS): It helps in orchestrating and managing the containerized applications.
• Azure Virtual Machines: These VMs comes with providing the customizable environments the applications.
• Azure Functions: This service facilitates with providing the computing service without having servers, These are managed by the Azure behind regarding the infrastructure and resources.

33. Differentiate between repetitive and minimal monitoring.

The following are the differences between repetitive and minimal monitoring:

34. What are the advantages of Scaling In Azure?

The following are the advantages of Scaling in Azure Cloud Platform:

• Improved application performance and availability.
• Cost efficiency by paying only for what you use.
• Automatic adjustment to changing workloads.
• Enhanced fault tolerance and redundancy.

35. What are the types of Queues offered by Azure?

The Azure Cloud Platform offers two types of Queues:

Azure Storage Queues:

• Simple message queuing service provided by Azure Storage.
• Used for asynchronous communication between application components.

Azure Service Bus Queues:

• Feature-rich messaging infrastructure with advanced queuing capabilities.
• Supports both at-least-once and exactly-once message delivery semantics.

36. What is Federation in Azure SQL?

Federation in Azure SQL, now known as Elastic Scale, allows horizontal partitioning of data across multiple databases. It helps manage and scale large datasets by distributing them across multiple databases, improving performance and manageability.

37. Explain the difference between Azure Virtual Network (VNet) and Azure ExpressRoute, and when each is typically used.

The following are the differences between Azure Virtual Network (VNet) and Azure ExpressRoute:

38. What are the benefits of using AAD (Azure Active Directory ) in Hybrid Environments?

The following are the benefits of using AAD in hybrid environments:

1. Single Identity Platform: Azure Active Directory facilitates with providing the identity management system simplifying the user management and access control across on-premise and cloud resources.
2. Single Sign-On (SSO): By reducing the usage of providing credentials daily for sign in of on-premise and cloud resources improves the security and productivity.
3. Seamless Integration: Azure Active Directory provides a seamless integration by synchronizing the on-premise AD with Azure Active Directory. It helps in maintaining the consistency in user identities and access permissions across the environments.

39. Explain the role of Azure Monitor and Azure Log Analytics in monitoring and managing Azure resources.

Both the Azure monitor and Azure log analytic services are important for monitoring and managing the azure resources effectively.

Azure Monitor: Azure monitoring services helps in centralizing the platform for collecting, analyzing on data retrieved from Azure resources. It helps in improving the performance and health of azur services and applications through collecting the metrics, logs and activity of data.

Azure Log Analytics: Azure Log Analytics service helps in enhancing the log management and analyzing capabilities for Azure services and applications. It will collect the data and centralizes the log data from various sources.

40. How does Azure Active Directory (AAD) integrated with on-premise Active Directory?

Azure Active Directory can be integrated with on-premise Active Directory through several methods. The following are some of those methods:

1. Azure AD Connect: In this method, Azure AD Connect will synchronize the on-premise AD with the Azure Active Directory. It allows users, groups and their attributes to be replicated over cloud facilitating consistency across the environments.
2. Credential Consistency: In this hashes of on-premise Active Directory passwords are synchronized with Azure Active Directory. It facilitates the users to sign in with the same credentials for both on-premise and cloud services.
3. Pass-through Authentication (PTA): In this, It authenticates the users against on-premise AD without storing the passwords in the cloud. When a user trying to attempt for sign in, the authentication request is passed through to the on-premise AD

41. What happens when the maximum failed attempts are reached during Azure ID Authentication?

When the maximum failed authentication attempts are reached, Azure AD may enforce security measures such as account lockout or multi-factor authentication to mitigate potential security threats and unauthorized access attempts.

42. Explain the failover procedures in Azure when the primary server goes down in a hybrid environment.

In a hybrid environment, failover procedures in Azure involve automatic or manual redirection of traffic from the primary server to a secondary server hosted in Azure. This can be achieved using Azure Traffic Manager for DNS-based failover, Azure Load Balancer for traffic distribution, or Azure Application Gateway for application-level routing and failover.

Additionally, Azure Site Recovery can automate failover processes for VMs and applications, ensuring minimal downtime and uninterrupted service availability.

43. In a scenario where the application front end is hosted on Azure but the database needs to be on-premise due to security concerns, how can connectivity be managed in Azure?

The connectivity between the Azure-hosted front-end and on-premise database can be managed through hybrid connectivity solutions such as Azure Virtual Network (VNet) peering, Azure VPN Gateway, or Azure ExpressRoute.

These solutions establish secure and reliable connections between Azure and on-premise environments, ensuring data integrity and compliance with security requirements.

44. What strategies can be employed in Azure for disaster recovery when on-premise systems fail?

The Azure cloud platform offers several disaster recovery strategies. They are as Azure Site Recovery (ASR) for replicating and orchestrating failover of on-premise workloads to Azure, Azure Backup for protecting on-premise data by storing backups in Azure, and Azure Traffic Manager for distributing traffic across multiple Azure regions to ensure application availability in case of disasters.

45. If the On-Prem server application access fails, can the application be accessed via the Azure environment?

In case of On-Premise server application access failure, the application can still be accessed via the Azure environment if it has been configured for high availability or disaster recovery. Azure services such as Azure App Service or Azure Virtual Machines can host the application, ensuring continuity even if the On-Premise infrastructure fails.

What is Azure DevOps and how does it fit into the Azure ecosystem?

Azure DevOps is a set of development tools provided by Microsoft to facilitate collaboration among software development teams. It integrates with Azure services to enable continuous integration, delivery, and deployment pipelines.

What is Azure Virtual Network (VNet) and why is it important?

Azure Virtual Network is a networking service that allows users to securely connect Azure resources. It’s crucial for creating isolated environments, implementing security measures, and connecting on-premises networks to Azure infrastructure.

What is Azure Active Directory (AAD) and how does it differ from on-premises Active Directory?

Azure Active Directory is Microsoft’s cloud-based identity and access management service. Unlike on-premises Active Directory, AAD is designed to provide identity services for cloud applications, enabling single sign-on, multi-factor authentication, and identity governance.

What are Azure Functions and when should they be used?

Azure Functions is a serverless compute service that allows developers to run event-triggered code without managing infrastructure. They are ideal for executing small, event-driven tasks, enabling developers to focus on writing code without worrying about server management.