Explain the concept of the ‘vh’ and ‘vw’ units in CSS
The vh
(viewport height) and vw
(viewport width) units in CSS are relative length units that represent a percentage of the viewport dimensions. They provide a responsive way to size elements based on the dimensions of the user’s viewport. Here’s an explanation of these units:
Viewport Height (‘vh’) Unit
- ‘vh’ stands for viewport height. It represents a percentage of the viewport’s height and is equivalent to 1% of the viewport’s height.
- Commonly used for creating responsive designs where elements scale with the height of the viewport.
- ‘vh’ units are employed to establish dynamic vertical spacing between elements and are useful for maintaining consistent spacing relative to the height of the viewport.
Syntax
height: 50vh;
Viewport Width (‘vw’) Unit
- ‘vw’ stands for viewport width. It represents a percentage of the viewport’s width and it is equivalent to 1% of the viewport width.
- Frequently used for responsive designs where elements scale with the width of the viewport and it ensures adaptability and optimal layout presentation on diverse screen sizes.
- ‘vw’ units are employed for creating dynamic horizontal spacing between elements. Offers consistency in spacing relative to the width of the viewport.
- Setting the width of a container to 50vw creates a design that occupies half of the viewport width.
Syntax
width: 50vw;