Composite Attribute

An attribute that can be split into components is a composite attribute. 

Example: The address can be further split into house number, street number, city, state, country, and pin code, the name can also be split into first name middle name, and last name.

Composite Attribute

Types of Attributes in ER Model

In a Database Management System (DBMS), an attribute is a property or characteristic of an entity that is used to describe an entity. Essentially, it is a column in a table that holds data values. An entity may contain any number of attributes. One of the attributes is considered as the primary key. In an Entity-Relation model, attributes are represented in an elliptical shape. 

Example: Student has attributes like name, age, roll number, and many more. To uniquely identify the student, we use the primary key as a roll number as it is not repeated. Attributes can also be subdivided into another set of attributes. Attributes help define and organize the data, making it easier to retrieve and manipulate information within the database. In this article, we are going to discuss about different types of attributes in detail.

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Types of Attributes

There are different types of attributes as discussed below-...

1. Simple Attribute

An attribute that cannot be further subdivided into components is a simple attribute. Example: The roll number of a student, the ID number of an employee, gender, and many more....

2.Composite Attribute

An attribute that can be split into components is a composite attribute....

3. Single-Valued Attribute

The attribute which takes up only a single value for each entity instance is a single-valued attribute....

4. Multi-Valued Attribute

The attribute which takes up more than a single value for each entity instance is a multi-valued attribute. And it is represented by double oval shape.Example: Phone number of a student: Landline and mobile....

5. Stored Attribute

The stored attribute are those attribute which doesn’t require any type of further update since they are stored in the database....

6. Derived Attribute

An attribute that can be derived from other attributes is derived attributes. And it is represented by dotted oval shape....

7. Complex Attribute

Those attributes, which can be formed by the nesting of composite and multi-valued attributes, are called “Complex Attributes“. These attributes are rarely used in DBMS(DataBase Management System). That’s why they are not so popular....

8. Key attribute

Key attributes are those attributes that can uniquely identify the entity in the entity set....

9. Null Attribute

This attribute can take NULL value when entity does not have value for it....

10. Descriptive Attribute

Descriptive attribute give information about the relationship set example given below. Here Start Date is the descriptive attribute of Manages relationship....

Conclusion

In an Entity-Relationship (ER) model, attributes are features that describe entities or relationships. They can be simple, composite, derived, multi-valued, or key attributes. Simple attributes are basic, while composite ones are made up of smaller parts. Derived attributes are calculated from other attributes, multi-valued ones can hold multiple values, and key attributes uniquely identify each entity. These attributes help organize and understand data in a database model....

Frequently Asked Questions on Types of Attributes in ER Model-FAQs

Why attributes are used?...