DC Motors (Direct Current Motors)

DC Motors (Direct Current Motors) convert direct current electrical energy into mechanical energy, used in various applications from small devices to large vehicles..

Brushed DC Motors

Brushed DC Motors use brushes and a commutator to deliver current to the motor windings.

Here are the common types:

• Series DC Motors: In these motors, the field winding is connected in series with the armature winding. This means the same current flows through both. They have high starting torque and are commonly used where high torque is required, such as in cranes and lifts.
• Shunt DC Motors: In shunt (or parallel) motors, the field winding is connected in parallel (or shunt) with the armature winding. These motors have a relatively constant speed but lower starting torque, making them suitable for steady-speed applications, like in lathes and spinning machines.
• Compound DC Motors: These motors have both a series and a shunt field winding, providing a combination of characteristics from both series and shunt motors. They are used in applications requiring a good starting torque and relatively constant speed, such as in presses and shearing machines.

Brushless DC Motors

Brushless DC motors do not have brushes; instead, they use electronic commutation to control the armature winding in relation to the rotor’s position.

Here are the types based on the source of the magnetic field:

Permanent Magnet BLDC: These motors use permanent magnets on the rotor and do not require a field winding. They are highly efficient and reliable with a longer lifespan, used in applications ranging from electronic devices to automotive applications.

Separately Excited BLDC: These motors have their magnetic field generated by an external source, typically through control electronics. They provide excellent control over the motor’s torque and speed, making them ideal for precise speed control applications, such as in robotics and aerospace.

Motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, essential for powering various devices and machinery. DC motors are used for precise speed control in electronic devices and vehicles. AC motors drive industrial machinery due to their efficiency and durability. Stepper and servo motors offer exact positioning for applications like robotics and CNC machines, demonstrating their critical role in modern technology. In this article, we learn about different types of motors.