Directing

Business, Trade, and Commerce

Introduction to Business Difference between Business, Profession, and Employment Trade and Auxiliaries to Trade What is Business Risk? Basic Factors for Starting a Business Types of Industries- Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary...

Forms of Business Organisation

Forms of Business Organization Sole Proprietorship | Features of Sole Proprietorship Advantages and Disadvantages of Sole Proprietorship What is Joint Hindu Family Business (Hindu Undivided Family Business) ? Advantages and Disadvantages of Joint Hindu Family Business Partnership | Meaning and Features of Partnership Advantages and Disadvantages of a Partnership Partnership Deed – Aspects and Registration Types of Partners Types of Partnership Cooperative Society – Meaning, Features, and Types Advantages and Disadvantages of Cooperative Society Joint Stock Company: Meaning, Features, and Types Advantages and Disadvantages of a Joint Stock Company Choice of Form of Business Organisation...

Private, Public, and Global Enterprises

Private, Public, and Global Enterprises Forms of Organizing Public Sector Enterprises Difference between Private and Public Sector What is Statutory Corporation? | Meaning and Features Merits and Demerits of Statutory Corporation What is a Government Company? | Meaning, Features, and Suitability Merits and Demerits of Government Company What is Departmental Undertaking ? | Meaning, features, and Suitability Merits and Demerits of Departmental Undertaking Changing Role of Public Sector Government Policy towards Public Sector since 1991 What are Global Enterprises? Benefits and Types of Joint Venture Public Private Partnership (PPP) : Meaning, Features, Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages...

Business Services

Types of Business Services Difference between Goods and Services Nature and Types of Services Types of Banking Meaning and Benefits of e-Banking What is Insurance? | Functions of Insurance Principles of Insurance Types of Insurance Life Insurance: Meaning, Elements, and Types of Life Insurance Policies Fire Insurance: Meaning, Claim for Loss (Conditions) and Elements of Fire Insurance Contract What is Marine Insurance? Difference between Life, Marine, and Fire Insurance Communication Services: Postal and Telecom Services Types of General Insurance Warehousing Services: Meaning, Types and Function...

Emerging Modes of Business

Introduction to Emerging Modes of Business e-Business: Benefits and Limitations Scope of e-Business: B2B Commerce| B2C Commerce|C2C Commerce|Intra B-Commerce What is e-commerce? Explain benefits and types of e-commerce. Difference between E-business and Traditional Business What is an Online Transaction? Types of e-business Risks Outsourcing: Meaning, Features, Scope, Types of OSP, BPO Why is Outsourcing Needed? Concern over Outsourcing...

Social Responsibilities of Business and Business Ethics

Social Responsibilities of a Business and its Need Types of Social Responsibilities of a Business Business Ethics – Meaning, Benefits and Elements Social Responsibility: Arguments For and Against Social Responsibility Social Responsibility towards Different Interest Groups Business and Environmental Protection: Causes and Types of Pollution, Need for Pollution Control and Role of Business in Environment Protection...

Formation of a Company

Formation of a Company Promotion of a Company: Meaning, Documents and Steps Involved Who is a Promoter? What is Incorporation? Difference between Articles of Association and Memorandum of Association Steps required for raising Funds from Public One Person Company: Meaning and Characteristics...

Sources of Business Finance

Business Finance: Sources and Factors Affecting the Choice of the Source of Funds Business Finance: Meaning, Nature, and Significance Sources of Funds and its Classification What are the Different Sources of Finance? Retained Earnings: Meaning, Features, Advantages and Limitations Trade Credit: Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages and Disadvantages of Factoring Lease Financing – Meaning, Advantages and Disadvantages Public Deposits: Advantages and Disadvantages Commercial Paper | Features and Types Advantages and Disadvantages of Commercial Paper Issue of Shares | Meaning and Types of Shares Equity Shares : Merits and Demerits Preference Shares : Types, Merits and Demerits What do you mean by Debenture? Explain its Types, Advantages, and Disadvantages Commercial Banks: Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages and Disadvantages of Financial Institutions International Financing: Meaning and Sources of International Financing Factors Affecting the Choice of the Source of Funds...

Small Business

MSME and Business Entrepreneurship What is Entrepreneurship? Importance and Types of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)...

Internal Trade

Introduction to Internal Trade What is Internal Trade? Wholesale Trade and Services of Wholesalers Services Offered by Wholesalers Services Offered by Retailers Difference between Wholesaler and Retailer Types of Retailers: Itinerant Retailers and Fixed Shop Retailers Who are Itinerant Retailers? Who are Fixed Shop Retailers? What are Departmental Stores? What are Chain or Multiple Stores? Difference between Departmental Stores and Multiple Stores Mail Order Houses: Meaning, Advantages, and Disadvantages Consumer Cooperative Stores: Meaning, Advantages, and Disadvantages Super Markets – Characteristics, Advantages and Disadvantages What is External Trade? What is GST? Types, Features, Benefits, Input Tax Credit, GST Council Role of Commerce and Industry Associations in Promotion of Internal Trade...

International Business

Introduction to International Business International Business: Meaning, Reason, Scope and Benefits Difference between International Trade and International Business Difference between Domestic Business and International Business Modes of Entry into International Business Exporting and Importing – Meaning, Advantages and Disadvantages Contract Manufacturing: Meaning, Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages and Disadvantages of Licensing and Franchising Joint Ventures: Meaning, Advantages and Disadvantages Wholly Owned Subsidiaries: Meaning, Advantages, and Disadvantages What is Export Procedure? Steps in Import Procedure Documents required in Import Transaction Foreign Trade Promotion Measures and Schemes Organisational Support in International Business International Monetary Fund (IMF): Objectives and Functions World Trade Organisation (WTO): Features, Functions and Objectives...

Nature and Significance of Management

What is Management? Concept, Characteristics, Objectives, Importance and Functions Difference between Effectiveness and Efficiency Nature of Management as a Science, Art and Profession  Levels of Management Functions of Management- Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing and Controlling Coordination – The Essence of Management | Concept, Features and Importance Difference between Coordination and Cooperation...

Principles of Management

Nature and Significance of Principles of Management 14 Principles of Management by Henri Fayol Difference between Unity of Command and Unity of Direction Principles of Scientific Management Techniques of Scientific Management Difference between Time Study and Motion Study Difference between Fayol and Taylor Theories of Management...

Business Environment

What is Business Environment ? | Meaning and Features Importance of Business Environment Dimensions of Business Environment Economic Environment in India New Industrial Policy and its impact on the Business Concept and Features of Demonetization...

Planning

Features, Importance and Limitations of Planning Planning Process: Concept and Steps Types of Plans: Standing Plan and Single-use Plan Difference between Standing Plans and Single-Use Plans Difference between Policies and Objectives Difference between Policies and Strategy Difference between Policies and Procedures Difference between Procedures and Methods Difference between Procedures and Rules Difference between Policies and Rules Difference between Rules and Methods...

Organising

Organising- Meaning, Importance and Process Types of Organisation Structure Difference between Functional Structure and Divisional Structure Formal and Informal Organisation Difference between Formal and Informal Organisation Elements and Importance of Delegation Difference between Authority, Responsibility and Accountability Centralization and Decentralization Difference between Centralization and Decentralization Difference between Delegation and Decentralization...

Staffing

Features and Importance of Staffing Staffing and Human Resource Management Staffing Process Sources of Recruitment (Internal and External: Meaning, Merits and Demerits) Difference between Internal Recruitment and External Recruitment Steps in Selection Process Difference between Recruitment and Selection Importance of Training and Development to Organisation and Employees Methods of Training: On-the-Job Methods and Off-the-Job Methods Difference between On-the-Job Training Methods and Off-the-Job Training Methods Difference between Training and Development Difference between Training, Development and Education...

Directing

Directing: Meaning, Characteristics and Importance Principles and Elements of Directing Importance of Supervision Features and Importance of Motivation Process of Motivation Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory Financial and Non-Financial Incentives Difference between Financial and Non-financial Incentives  Features and Importance of Leadership Types of Leadership Styles 10 Qualities of a Good Leader Difference between a Manager and a Leader Nature and Importance of Communication Elements of Communication Process Communication Channels | Formal and Informal Formal Communication: Meaning, Types, Networks, Merits and Demerits Informal Communication: Meaning, Networks, Merits and Demerits Barriers to Effective Communication Measures to improve Communication Effectiveness...

Controlling

Controlling: Nature, Importance, and Limitations Relationship between Planning and Controlling Process of Controlling...

Financial Management

Role and Objectives of Financial Management Kinds of Financial Decisions Investment Decision: Meaning and Factors affecting Investment Decision Financing Decision: Meaning and Factors affecting Financing Decision Dividend Decision: Meaning and Factors affecting Dividend Decision Financial Planning: Objectives and Importance What is Capital Structure Factors affecting the choice of Capital Structure What is Fixed Capital and Working Capital? Fixed Capital: Meaning, Importance and Factors Affecting Requirement of Fixed Capital  Working Capital: Meaning, Types, Operating Cycle and Factors Affecting the Working Capital...

Financial Markets

Financial Market: Meaning, Functions, and Classification Instruments of Money Market What is Capital Market? Difference between Money Market and Capital Market What are the different Methods of Floatation of Securities in Primary Market? Difference between Primary Market and Secondary Market What is Stock Exchange? Trading Procedure on a Stock Exchange 12 Common Terms in Stock Exchange Depository System: Meaning, Services and Constituents Dematerialisation of Securities (Demat Account): Benefits and Working What is National Stock Exchange of India (NSEI)? What is Over the Counter Exchange of India (OTCEI)? Difference between NSEI and OTCEI Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI): Objectives and Functions...

Marketing

Marketing: Features and Functions Difference between Selling and Marketing Marketing Management Philosophies What is Marketing Mix? What is Product Mix? Classification of Products Difference between Convenience Products, Shopping Products and Speciality Products Difference between Consumer Products and Industrial Products What is Branding? Packaging: Levels, Importance and Functions What is Labelling? Price Mix: Meaning and Factors Affecting Price Determination What is Place/Physical Distribution Mix? Types of Distribution Channels Factors Determining Choice of Channels of Distribution Components of Physical Distribution What is Promotion Mix? Advertising: Features, Merits and Demerits Objections to Advertising Personal Selling: Features, Merits and Role Qualities of a Good Salesman Difference between Advertising and Personal Selling Sales Promotion: Merits, Demerits and Activities/ Techniques What is Public Relations?...

Consumer Protection

Consumer Protection: Meaning, Importance and Means Consumer Rights and Responsibilities Who is a Consumer? Consumer Protection Act 1986 v/s Consumer Protection Act 2019 Redressal Agencies under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 Remedies available to Consumers under Consumer Protection Act 2019...

CBSE Previous Year Papers (2020)

CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Solved Question Paper-2019 Set 1 CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Solved Question Paper 2019 Code (66-2-1) CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Solved Question Paper- 2020 Set 1 CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Solved Question Paper- 2020 Set 2...

Business Studies Notes for CBSE Class 11th

The notes contain 11 chapters covering every important topic, like Business, Commerce, Forms of Business Organisation, Business Services, Business Finance, Social Responsibility, Business Ethics, International Business, and many more. These notes are enough for learning basic and crucial knowledge about business studies from scratch....

Business Studies Notes for CBSE Class 12th

The notes contain 12 chapters covering every important topic, like Functions of Management, Principles of Management, Marketing, Stock Exchange, Training, Recruiting, Planning, and many more....