Earthquakes in India-FAQs
What causes earthquakes?
Earthquakes are primarily caused by the movement of tectonic plates and the release of built-up energy along fault lines or zones of weakness in the Earth’s crust. Volcanic activity can also trigger earthquakes due to the movement of magma and the release of gases.
How are earthquake zones in India determined?
India is divided into four major seismic zones (V, IV, III, and II) based on scientific inputs relating to seismicity, past earthquakes, and soil conditions. These zones range from the highest-risk Zone V to the lowest-risk Zone II.
What are the consequences of a major earthquake?
Major consequences of a powerful earthquake can include loss of life and injuries, damage to infrastructure, economic losses, homelessness, environmental impacts, psychological trauma, disruption of essential services, and secondary disasters like fires and dam failures.
How can the impacts of earthquakes be mitigated?
The impacts of earthquakes can be mitigated through proper disaster preparedness, earthquake-resistant construction practices, regular monitoring and early warning systems, and effective emergency response plans that prioritize search and rescue, medical aid, and post-disaster recovery efforts.
Why is adherence to construction norms important in earthquake-prone areas?
Adherence to construction norms and guidelines specific to each seismic zone is crucial in earthquake-prone areas. These norms ensure that buildings and infrastructure are designed and constructed to withstand the potential shaking and stresses of an earthquake, reducing the risk of collapse and minimizing damage.
Earthquakes in India| Class 11 Geography Notes
Earthquakes are sudden, violent shaking movements of the Earth’s surface caused by the abrupt release of energy from within the Earth’s crust or upper mantle. They occur along fault lines or tectonic plate boundaries and can range from gentle tremors to catastrophic events capable of causing widespread destruction and loss of life.
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