Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Activity
- The kinetic energy of molecules increases with increasing temperature. This means that there are more random collisions between molecules per unit of time in a fluid.
- Because enzymes catalyze reactions by randomly colliding with substrate molecules, increasing the temperature speeds up the reaction, resulting in more product formation.
- As the temperature rises, more bonds, particularly the weaker hydrogen and ionic bonds, will break due to strain. When bonds within the enzyme are broken, the active site changes shape.
- However, increasing the temperature increases the vibrational energy of molecules, specifically enzyme molecules, putting strain on the bonds that hold them together.
- As temperature rises, the shapes of more enzyme molecules’ active sites become less complementary to the shape of their substrate, and more enzymes are denatured. This reduces the rate of reaction.
- As the active site is no longer complementary to the shape of the substrate, it is less likely to catalyze the reaction. The enzyme will eventually become denatured and cease to function.
- As temperature rises, the rate of reaction rises initially due to increased kinetic energy. However, the effect of bond breaking will increase over time, and the rate of reaction will begin to slow.
Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
The factors affecting enzyme activity include temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators. Enzymes are biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms. Enzymes are made up of proteins that are highly specific and crucial for physiological processes.
Understanding these factors is essential for optimizing enzyme function and maintaining biological processes in balance. In this article, you will factors affecting enzyme activity notes.
Table of Content
- Enzymes Meaning and Definition
- What are the Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity?
- Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Activity
- Effect of Enzyme Concentration on Enzyme Activity
- Effect of Substrate Concentration on Enzyme Activity
- Effect of pH Value on Enzyme Activity
- Effect of Inhibitor or Effector on Enzyme Activity
- Effect of Accumulation of End-Products on Enzyme Activity