Eye
Eye is one of the five sense organs of human body. It is one of the most fundamental and vital organ that helps us to see the world around us and perform our daily life function accordingly. Eyes captures light reflected from an object and helps us to see. Let’s see the parts and working of eyes.
Parts of Eye
The different parts of eyes are mentioned below:
- Cornea: It is the transparent, outermost layer of the eye. It helps to focus light into the eye.
- Iris: The colored part of the eye. It controls the size of the pupil and therefore how much light enters the eye.
- Pupil: The black circular opening in the center of the iris. It dilates or constricts in response to light levels.
- Lens: A transparent, flexible structure located behind the iris. It focuses light onto the retina.
- Retina: The innermost layer of the eye, containing photoreceptor cells called rods and cones. It converts light into neural signals that are sent to the brain via the optic nerve.
- Optic Nerve: A bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information from the retina to the brain.
- Sclera: The white, tough outer layer of the eye, which helps maintain the shape of the eyeball and provides attachment points for the eye muscles.
- Choroid: A layer of blood vessels between the sclera and the retina that supplies nutrients and oxygen to the retina.
- Aqueous Humor: A clear fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens, helping to maintain the shape of the eye and providing nutrients to the cornea and lens.
- Vitreous Humor: A gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina, helping to maintain the shape of the eye and transmit light to the retina.
Working of Eye
Human eye work in the following manner:
- Light from the external environment enters the eye through the transparent front surface called the cornea. The cornea helps to focus the incoming light rays
- The amount of light entering the eye is regulated by the pupil
- After passing through the pupil, the light rays travel through the crystalline lens, located behind the iris. The lens further focuses the light onto the retina, adjusting its shape.
- The focused light rays converge onto the retina, a thin layer of light-sensitive cells lining the back of the eye.
- When light strikes the photoreceptor cells in the retina, it triggers a series of chemical and electrical changes that generate neural signals. These signals are transmitted through the optic nerve, located at the back of the eye, to the brain for further processing.
Optical Instruments
Optical instruments are devices designed to manipulate and detect light for various purposes, ranging from imaging to measurement and analysis. They utilize the principles of optics, which is the branch of physics that deals with the behavior and properties of light.
In this article, we will study about optical instruments, different types of optical instruments such as eye, lens, microscope, telescope, periscope, and kaleidoscope, and their working.
Table of Content
- What are Optical Instruments?
- Different Types of Optical Instruments
- Eye
- Lens
- Microscope
- Magnifying glass
- Telescopes