Class 11 Geography Classification of Map Projection

What is map projection, and why is it necessary?

Map projection is the method of transferring the spherical surface of the Earth onto a flat map. It is necessary because it allows us to accurately represent the Earth’s surface for various purposes like navigation, planning, and analysis.

How are map projections classified based on drawing techniques?

Map projections are classified into perspective, non-perspective, and conventional or mathematical projections. Perspective projections involve the use of a light source to project the image of the Earth’s network of parallels and meridians. Non-perspective projections are developed without a light source, and conventional projections are derived through mathematical computation.

What are developable and non-developable surfaces in map projection?

Developable surfaces are those that can be flattened without distortion, such as cylinders, cones, and planes. Non-developable surfaces, like the Earth’s surface, cannot be flattened without distortion.

How are map projections classified based on the nature of the developable surface?

Map projections are classified into cylindrical, conical, and zenithal projections based on the nature of the developable surface used. Cylindrical projections are created using a cylindrical surface, conical projections use a conical surface, and zenithal projections are directly obtained on a plane surface.

What are the different types of projections based on global properties?

Projections based on global properties include equal area, orthomorphic (true-shape), azimuthal (true-bearing), and equidistant projections. Each type of projection aims to preserve specific properties like area, shape, direction, or scale.

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