Find the absolute value of a given number Using Bitmasking

Find the absolute value of a given number Using the inbuilt abs() function:

To solve the problem follow the below idea:

Negative numbers are stored in the form of 2s complement, to get the absolute value we have to toggle bits of the number and add 1 to the result.

Follow the steps below to implement the idea:

Set the mask as right shift of the integer by 31 (assuming integers are stored using 32 bits) mask = n >> 31
For negative numbers, above step sets mask as 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 and 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 for positive numbers. Add the mask to the given number i.e. mask + n
XOR of mask + n and mask gives the absolute value i.e.

Below is the implementation of the above approach.

C++

// C++ program for above approach 
  
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
  
// Function to find the absolute 
// value 
void findAbsolute(int N) 
{ 
  
    // Find mask 
    int mask = N >> (sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT - 1); 
  
    // Print the absolute value 
    // by (mask + N)^mask 
    cout << ((mask + N) ^ mask); 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
int main() 
{ 
  
    // Given integer 
    int N = -12; 
  
    // Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
    return 0; 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by Code_Mech

C

// C program for Method 2 
#include <stdio.h> 
#define CHAR_BIT 8 
  
// Function to find the absolute 
// value 
void findAbsolute(int N) 
{ 
  
    // Find mask 
    int mask 
        = N 
          >> (sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT - 1); 
  
    // Print the absolute value 
    // by (mask + N)^mask 
    printf("%d ", (mask + N) ^ mask); 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
int main() 
{ 
  
    // Given integer 
    int N = -12; 
  
    // Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
    return 0; 
} 

Java

// Java program for Method 2 
class GFG{ 
      
static final int CHAR_BIT = 8; 
  
// Function to find the absolute value 
static void findAbsolute(int N) 
{ 
  
    // Find mask 
    int mask = N >> (Integer.SIZE / 8 * 
                         CHAR_BIT - 1); 
  
    // Print the absolute value 
    // by (mask + N)^mask 
    System.out.printf("%d ", (mask + N) ^ mask); 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
public static void main(String[] args) 
{ 
  
    // Given integer 
    int N = -12; 
  
    // Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
} 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar 

Python3

# Python3 program for Method 2 
import sys 
  
CHAR_BIT = 8; 
  
# Function to find the absolute value 
def findAbsolute(N): 
      
    # Find mask 
    mask = N >> (sys.getsizeof(int()) // 8 * 
                              CHAR_BIT - 1); 
  
    # Print the absolute value 
    # by (mask + N)^mask 
    print((mask + N) ^ mask); 
  
# Driver Code 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
      
    # Given integer 
    N = -12; 
  
    # Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
  
# This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar 

C#

// C# program for Method 2 
using System; 
  
class GFG{ 
      
static readonly int CHAR_BIT = 8; 
  
// Function to find the absolute value 
static void findAbsolute(int N) 
{ 
      
    // Find mask 
    int mask = N >> (sizeof(int) / 8 * 
                        CHAR_BIT - 1); 
  
    // Print the absolute value 
    // by (mask + N)^mask 
    Console.Write((mask + N) ^ mask); 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
public static void Main(String[] args) 
{ 
  
    // Given integer 
    int N = -12; 
  
    // Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
} 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar 

Javascript

<script> 
    // Javascript program for Method 2 
      
    let CHAR_BIT = 8; 
   
    // Function to find the absolute value 
    function findAbsolute(N) 
    { 
  
        // Find mask 
        let mask = N >> (4 / 8 * CHAR_BIT - 1); 
  
        // Print the absolute value 
        // by (mask + N)^mask 
        document.write((mask + N) ^ mask); 
    } 
      
    // Given integer 
    let N = -12; 
   
    // Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
  
// This code is contributed by mukesh07. 
</script>

Output

Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)

Program to find absolute value of a given number

Given an integer N, The task is to find the absolute value of the given integer.

Examples:

Input: N = -6
Output: 6
Explanation: The absolute value of -6 is 6 which is non negative

Input: N = 12
Output: 12

Naive Approach: To solve the problem follow the below idea:

The absolute value of any number is always positive. For any positive number, the absolute value is the number itself and for any negative number, the absolute value is (-1) multiplied by the negative number

Learn More, Positive and Negative Numbers

Below is the implementation of the above approach.

C++

// C++ program for Method 1 
  
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
  
// Function to find the absolute value 
void findAbsolute(int N) 
{ 
  
    // If the number is less than 
    // zero, then multiply by (-1) 
    if (N < 0)  
    { 
        N = (-1) * N; 
    } 
  
    // Print the absolute value 
    cout << " " << N; 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
int main() 
{ 
  
    // Given integer 
    int N = -12; 
  
    // Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
    return 0; 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by shivanisinghss2110

C

// C program for Method 1 
#include <stdio.h> 
  
// Function to find the absolute value 
void findAbsolute(int N) 
{ 
  
    // If the number is less than 
    // zero, then multiply by (-1) 
    if (N < 0) { 
        N = (-1) * N; 
    } 
  
    // Print the absolute value 
    printf("%d ", N); 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
int main() 
{ 
  
    // Given integer 
    int N = -12; 
  
    // Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
    return 0; 
} 

Java

// Java program for Method 1 
class GFG{ 
      
// Function to find the absolute value 
static void findAbsolute(int N) 
{ 
  
    // If the number is less than 
    // zero, then multiply by (-1) 
    if (N < 0)  
    { 
        N = (-1) * N; 
    } 
  
    // Print the absolute value 
    System.out.printf("%d ", N); 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
public static void main(String[] args) 
{ 
  
    // Given integer 
    int N = -12; 
  
    // Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
} 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar 

Python3

# Python3 program for Method 1 
  
# Function to find the absolute value 
def findAbsolute(N): 
  
    # If the number is less than 
    # zero, then multiply by (-1) 
    if (N < 0): 
        N = (-1) * N; 
      
    # Print the absolute value 
    print(N); 
  
# Driver code 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
  
    # Given integer 
    N = -12; 
  
    # Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
  
# This is code contributed by amal kumar choubey 

C#

// C# program for Method 1 
using System; 
using System.Collections.Generic; 
  
class GFG{ 
      
// Function to find the absolute value 
static void findAbsolute(int N) 
{ 
  
    // If the number is less than 
    // zero, then multiply by (-1) 
    if (N < 0)  
    { 
        N = (-1) * N; 
    } 
  
    // Print the absolute value 
    Console.Write("{0} ", N); 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
public static void Main(String[] args) 
{ 
  
    // Given integer 
    int N = -12; 
  
    // Function call 
    findAbsolute(N); 
} 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by sapnasingh4991 

Javascript

<script> 
    // Javascript program for Method 1  
      
    // Function to find the absolute value  
    function findAbsolute(N)  
    {  
  
        // If the number is less than  
        // zero, then multiply by (-1)  
        if (N < 0)   
        {  
            N = (-1) * N;  
        }  
  
        // Print the absolute value  
        document.write(" " + N);  
    }  
  
      
    // Given integer  
    let N = -12;  
    
    // Function call  
    findAbsolute(N);  
      
    // This code is contributed by suresh07. 
</script>

Output

Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)

Tags:

#Numbers #C Programs #C# Programs #C++ Programs #DSA #Java Programs #Mathematical #PHP Programs #School Programming #Mathematical #Numbers

Find the absolute value of a given number Using the inbuilt abs() function:

Find the absolute value of a given number Using Bitmasking

C++

C

Java

Python3

C#

Javascript

Program to find absolute value of a given number

C++

C

Java

Python3

C#

Javascript

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