Full and Equal Membership
When traveling in crowded public transportation, we often witness a shift in behavior where individuals who previously competed to board end up forming a collective to maintain exclusivity. This phenomenon of insiders versus outsiders isn’t confined to transportation but extends to various levels of society, from cities to nations. In situations where resources like jobs, healthcare, education, and land are limited, calls may arise to restrict access to outsiders, even if they are fellow citizens. This dynamic prompts reflection on the meaning of “full and equal membership.” Does it imply equal rights and opportunities for citizens regardless of where they choose to live, study, or work? Should all citizens, regardless of wealth, have access to certain basic rights and amenities?
Freedom of movement, a fundamental right, is particularly crucial for workers who often migrate in search of employment opportunities. However, resistance can arise among locals when outsiders compete for jobs, sometimes leading to demands to restrict certain jobs to state residents or those proficient in the local language. Political parties may exploit these sentiments, and resistance may escalate to organized violence against outsiders. Such movements raise questions about their justification.
While many advocate for the rights of skilled migrants, there may be less enthusiasm for poorer migrants. This raises questions about whether all citizens, regardless of socioeconomic status, should have equal rights to live and work anywhere in the country. These debates highlight the challenge of ensuring “full and equal membership” for all citizens.
In democratic societies, disputes over citizenship rights are typically resolved through protests, legal avenues, and negotiations. The guiding principle in addressing these issues is to provide equal membership to all citizens, which often involves negotiation and discussion rather than force. This is a fundamental obligation of citizenship.
Class 11 Polity Chapter 6: Full and Equal Membership
In the complex tapestry of societal interactions, the notion of full and equal membership often becomes a focal point for debates and struggles. This article delves into the multifaceted dimensions of citizenship, examining questions of rights, freedom of movement, and the resolution of disputes within democratic societies.