Homologous Series Table
The table summarizes the homologues series of various organic compounds studied above:
Homologous Series | General Formula | Characteristic Functional Group | 1st Homologue | 2nd Homologue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alkane | CnH2n+2 | -CH3 | CH4 | C2H6 |
Alkane | CnH2n | -C=C- | C2H4 | C3H6 |
Alkyne | CnH2n-2 | -C[Tex]\equiv [/Tex]C- | C2H2 | C3H4 |
Alcohol | CnH2n+1OH | -OH | CH3OH | C2H5OH |
Carboxylic Acid | CnH2n+1COOH | -COOH | HCOOH | CH3COOH |
Ester | CnH2n+1COOCmH2m | -COO- | HCOOCH3 | HCOOCH2CH3 |
Amine | CnH2n+1NH2 | -NH2 | CH3NH2 | CH3CH2NH2 |
Halogenoalkane (Haloalkane) | CnH2n+1X | -X (halogen) | CH3Cl | C2H5Cl |
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Homologous Series
Homologous Series is a family of organic compounds where two consecutive members in the family differ from each other by -CH2 repeating unit. The mass difference between two such consecutive members is 14 units. They have same functional groups and show similar trends in physical and chemical properties.
This article deals with definitions, formulas, and examples of homologous series. A table discussing all the possible homologous series has been also added to the article. We have to study Homologous Series in Class 10 in the chapter on Carbon and its compound.