Image formed by Concave lens
There are only two different cases for image formation by a concave lens, which are discussed as:
When the Object is placed at Infinity
When an object is placed at infinity of the concave lens (shown below). The image formed after refraction will be at the focus (F1) on the same side of the object. The size of the image will be much smaller than the object. The nature of the image will be virtual and erect.
- The image formed at – Focus (F1)
- The nature of the image formed – Virtual and Erect
- The size of the image formed – Highly diminished
When the Object is placed at a Finite Distance from the Lens
When the object is placed at any finite distance in front of the concave lens. The image formed after refraction will be between the optic center (O) and the focus (F) of the concave lens. The size of the image will be smaller than the object.
- The image formed at – Between F1 and the optical center
- The nature of the image formed – Virtual and Erect
- The size of the image formed – Diminished
How does the thin lens equation help in determining image location?
The thin lens equation, given by 1/u+1/v=1/f, where u is the object distance, v is the image distance, and f is the focal length, is fundamental for locating the image formed by a lens. This equation applies to both converging and diverging lenses and uses the Cartesian sign convention to determine the nature and position of the image.
What happens to an image when an object is placed at different positions relative to a convex lens?
- At infinity: Image at the focus, highly diminished.
- Beyond the center of curvature: Image between the center and the focus, diminished.
- At the center of curvature: Image at the opposite center, same size.
- Between the center and the focus: Image beyond the center, magnified.
- At the focus: Image at infinity, highly magnified.
- Between the focus and the lens: Virtual image, magnified
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Image Formation by Lenses
In optics, a ray is a geometrical representation of the light that is idealized by choosing a curve that is perpendicular to the wave fronts of actual light and points in the energy flow direction. Rays are used to represent the propagation of light through an optical system by separating the real light field into discrete rays that can be computationally carried through the system using ray-tracing techniques. This makes it possible to investigate or simulate even the most complex optical systems mathematically. Ray tracing is based on approximate solutions to Maxwell’s equations that hold true as long as light waves flow through and around objects with dimensions significantly greater than the wavelength of the light. Diffraction, for example, necessitates the study of wave optics, which is not addressed by ray or geometrical optics. Adding phase to the ray model can be used to describe wave phenomena such as interference in some instances.