Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I

  • MHC Class I is present in every nucleated cell except the nervous tissues & the platelets.
  • The size of the MHC Class I is 45 KD. These are the group of the major histocompatibility antigens
  • It was only able to work with Tc cells. These T lymphocytes help to destroy foreign elements.
  • It only works with the cell-mediated immune response. It only comes out to the surface whenever there is such a response.
  • It can able to bind with the CD-8 adhesion molecule of the T lymphocytes.
  • There are three types of HLA genes present inside a Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I.
  • MHC Class I attaches to endogenous antigens.

Structure Of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I

The structure of the MHC Class I is completely simple. It is a chain-like structure. The whole structure is made up of a chain. It is similar to the RNA structure. The chain has one end inside the membrane of the cell. The other end makes the structure of the MHC Class I. There are mainly three folds on the structure. They all are made up of a bend of the chain.

There are two chains present. One is Alpha Chain & another is the Beta chain. Their chain is made up of the polypeptide molecule. There are three domains of alpha. They are Alpha1, Alpha2, Alpha3. There is only one domain of the Beta. The beta is completely detached from the cell membrane. The chain that is connected with the cell membrane, is made up of the domains of the Alpha.

Alpha chains are non-covalently attached to the Beta. Also, there are transmembrane glycoproteins on the alpha domains. They act as the HLA gene. There are two di-sulfate bonds in the Alpha2 & Beta domain. They help to make a tight bond there.

Major Histocompatibility Complex(MHC)

The immune system is the most essential system of our body. It not only helps to protect the creature from foreign substances. Also, it helps to grow up without any outside disturbance. The immune system protects us from various threats. It protects from various foreign substances. It identifies them & destroys them. so, that the animal can able to grow up without any issues. Sometimes it is assumed that Immune System is only made with the White Blood Corpuscles. But that is not a correct assumption. It is a complete system where different components & proteins play an important role. Major Histocompatibility complexes (MHC) are similar kinds of a substance.

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What is Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)?

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) are the substances that are present on the surface of the nucleated cells. They are made with proteins. In the human body, there are nearly every cell has the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) on its cell surface. Only, the Neurons don’t have such cells. As there is no nucleus present inside any neurons. The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is located inside the cells. But whenever there is a problem related to the Immune System of the body, it comes to the surface of the cell to do a task....

Types Of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)

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Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I

MHC Class I is present in every nucleated cell except the nervous tissues & the platelets. The size of the MHC Class I is 45 KD. These are the group of the major histocompatibility antigens It was only able to work with Tc cells. These T lymphocytes help to destroy foreign elements. It only works with the cell-mediated immune response. It only comes out to the surface whenever there is such a response. It can able to bind with the CD-8 adhesion molecule of the T lymphocytes. There are three types of HLA genes present inside a Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I. MHC Class I attaches to endogenous antigens....

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class II

These are the molecules that are present in the antigen-representing cells. This means those cells which are primarily responsible for destroying foreign substances. It completely binds with the exogenous cells. This means those cells that completely come from the outside of the body It only binds with the T Helper (Th) cells. This type of T lymphocyte can only recognize the response of the MHC Class II. There is only one type of gene present inside the MHC class II. They are the simple HLA. The size of the MHC Class II cells depends upon the chain type. As per the chain type, the size will get changed. It can only able to get outside of the cell when the foreign element is inside the cell body....

Antigens Presentation

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Importance of Major Histocompatibility Complex

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is an important substance in our body. It helps to recognize the potential threat to our immune system. If a foreign object enters the body, it is a necessary task to destroy it. But it is not only possible by the WBCs. Some substances are related to our body’s important processes. Those things need to be kept as it is. So, there needs to be a difference between the essential substance & foreign object. Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) plays that role....

Functions Of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)

The main function of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is to help the immune system. T Lymphocytes don’t have the ability to recognize the potential threat to the body. MHCs mainly recognize the threat to the body & hence provide a signal to destroy them. Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) guides the T Lymphocytes cell to destroy the foreign element inside of the body. As per the category of the foreign element, it binds to the element. After that, it sends a signal to the T Lymphocyte cell to destroy it. And eventually, it gets destroyed. MHC molecules often bind with the peptide epitopes. This causes the ligands for the TCRs. This ligand will again help in the reallocation of the tissues. This is also can be done with the T cells. After the decomposition of the cell, the ligands help to restore the structure of the cell to its previous form....

FAQs on Major Histocompatibility Complex

Question 1: Who invented the MHCs & when?...