Mechanism of Hormone Action

The mechanism of hormone action is grouped into two classes:

• Fixed membrane receptor mechanism – The water soluble hormones that are proteins shows this type of mechanism. The hormones cannot pass through the lipid membrane. They are having their target receptor which the hormones binds. When the hormone binds on target receptor, the enzyme known as adenyl cyclase in the cell membrane gets activated which helps in the production of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
• Mobile receptor mechanism – The fatty acids and the steroids shows this type of mechanism which consists of intracellular receptor where the hormones bind in the target receptor which activates the enzymatic activity of the cells to bring biochemical changes.

Mechanism of Action hormone are seen in the protein hormones such as Insulin, Adrenaline, TSH and so on. These protein hormones are water soluble therefore they cannot pass through the cell membrane as it is made up of lipid layer. The protein hormone binds to the receptor, series of reactions occurs in the starting with the production of adenyl cyclase enzyme. These enzyme leads in the production of cyclic cAMP or AMP. The steroid hormones are made up of fats and are insoluble in water. There receptor are intracellular which can float in the cytoplasm on the nuclear membrane or inside the cell and due to this they are mobile receptor.

Mechanisms of Hormone Action are seen in the protein hormones such as Insulin, Adrenaline, TSH, and so on. These protein hormones are water soluble and they cannot pass through the cell membrane as it is made up of a lipid layer therefore this is known as a fixed membrane receptor mechanism whereas steroid hormones are made up of fats and are insoluble in water. These receptors are intracellular and can float in the cytoplasm on the nuclear membrane or inside the cell and due to this they are mobile receptor mechanisms.