How to use `os` module In Python

Method 2: Using `glob` module

This module provides a portable way of using operating system-dependent functionality. The method os.listdir() lists all the files present in a directory. We can make use of os.walk() if we want to work with sub-directories as well.

Syntax:

os.listdir(path = ‘.’)

Returns a list containing the names of the entries in the directory given by path.

Syntax:

os.walk(top, topdown=True, onerror=None, followlinks=False)

Generates the file names in a directory tree by walking the tree either top-down or bottom-up.

Example 1: List the files and directories present in root/home/project

Python

import os
 
# To get directories as well as files present
# in a path
list_1 = os.listdir(path=r"root/home/project")
print(list_1)
 
# To get only files present in a path
list_2 = os.listdir(path=r"root/home/project")
 
# Loop through each value in the list_2
for val in list_2:
   
    # Remove the value from list_2 if the "." is 
    # not present in value
    if "." not in val:
        list_2.remove(val)
print(list_2)

Example 1.5: List only the files, by using os.path.isfile function.

Python3

import os
 
print("Python Program to print list the files in a directory.")
 
Direc = input(r"Enter the path of the folder: ")
print(f"Files in the directory: {Direc}")
 
files = os.listdir(Direc)
files = [f for f in files if os.path.isfile(Direc+'/'+f)] #Filtering only the files.
print(*files, sep="\n")
 
#os.getcwd() gives us the current working directory, and os.listdir lists the director

Output :

['documents', 'code', 'charter.xlsx', 'timeline.jpg']
['charter.xlsx', 'timeline.jpg']

Example 2: List all the subdirectories and sub-files present in root/home/project

Python

import os
 
all_files = list()
all_dirs = list()
 
# Iterate for each dict object in os.walk()
for root, dirs, files in os.walk("root/home/project"):
    # Add the files list to the all_files list
    all_files.extend(files)
    # Add the dirs list to the all_dirs list
    all_dirs.extend(dirs)
 
print(all_files)
print(all_dirs)

Output:

[‘charter.xlsx’, ‘timeline.jpg’, ‘report.txt’, ‘workbook.pdf’, ‘trigger.sql’, ‘schema_template.py’, ‘sqlalchemy_models.py’, ‘info.log’, ‘README.md’, ‘requirements.txt’, ‘main.py’]

[‘documents’, ‘code’, ‘database_models’]