OOAD Principles

Below are the OOAD Principles:

• Encapsulation:
  • Encapsulation refers to bundling data and methods that operate on that data into a single unit, called a class. This principle hides the internal state of objects and restricts access to it, allowing for better control over how data is manipulated and maintained.
• Abstraction:
  • Abstraction involves identifying essential features of an object while ignoring the irrelevant details. It allows developers to focus on what an object does rather than how it does it, facilitating the creation of simpler, more manageable systems.
• Inheritance:
  • Inheritance enables the creation of new classes based on existing ones, allowing for the reuse of code and the extension of functionality. Subclasses inherit attributes and behaviors from their parent classes, promoting code reusability and facilitating the creation of hierarchical class structures.
• Polymorphism:
  • Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass. It enables methods to behave differently based on the objects they operate on, enhancing flexibility and facilitating the implementation of dynamic behavior in software systems.
• Modularity:
  • Modularity involves dividing a system into smaller, self-contained modules or components that can be developed and maintained independently. This principle promotes code reusability, maintainability, and scalability by facilitating easier testing, debugging, and modification of individual components.
• Association:
  • Association represents relationships between classes, indicating how objects of one class are connected to objects of another class. Associations can be one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many, and they are essential for modeling the interactions and dependencies between objects in a system.
• Composition:
  • Composition involves creating complex objects by combining simpler objects or components. It allows for the creation of more flexible and modular designs by emphasizing the use of smaller, reusable building blocks.

In this article, we’re going to talk about how to put Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) into action. From breaking down big tasks into smaller ones to using agile methods, we’ll cover practical tips to make your software projects better. By using real examples and easy-to-follow advice, you’ll learn how to make your software stronger and more reliable in simple terms.