OSI Model

What is Data Communication?

Data communication refers to the process of transmitting and receiving data between two or more devices over a communication channel. It involves the conversion of data into signals that can be transmitted and then decoding those signals at the receiving end. Effective data communication requires the use of appropriate protocols, encoding techniques, and hardware devices....

Components of Data Communication

Data communication systems consist of several components that work together to enable the transfer of data. These components include:...

Types of Data Transmission

Data transmission can occur in two primary ways:...

Basics of Data Communication

Data Communication – Definition, Components, Types, Channels Network Criteria Physical Structures Network Models Transmission Modes Difference between Serial and Parallel Transmission How Data Encapsulation & De-encapsulation Works?...

OSI Model

Physical Layer Data Link Layer Network Layer Transport Layer Session Layer Presentation Layer...

TCP/IP Model

TCP/IP Model Application Layer in TCP/IP Transport Layer in TCP/IP Internet Layer in the TCP/IP Model Physical Layer in TCP/IP Difference between OSI and TCP/IP Model...

Addressing

Physical Addresses Logical Addresses Port Addresses Specific Addresses...

Data and Signals

Analog and Digital Signals Composite Signals Periodic and Nonperiodic Signals Time and Frequency Domains Difference between Bit Rate and Baud Rate...

Transmission of Signals

What is Data Transmission. TRANSMISSION IMPAIRMENT Noiseless Channel: Nyquist Bit Rate Noisy Channel: Shannon Capacity What is Bandwidth? Definition, Working, Importance, Uses DIGITAL-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION Line Coding ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) Delta Modulation (DM) DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERSION Aspects of Digital-to-Analog Conversion Amplitude Shift Keying Frequency Shift Keying Phase Shift Keying Quadrature Amplitude Modulation ANALOG-TO-ANALOG CONVERSION Modulation and its type...

Multiplexing

Multiplexing Types of Multiplexing in Data Communications Frequency-Division Multiplexing Wavelength-Division Multiplexing Synchronous Time-Division Multiplexing Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing Difference between FDM,TDM and WDM...

Transmission Media

Types of Transmission Media GUIDED MEDIA Twisted-Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Fiber-Optic Cable Difference between Twisted pair cable, Co-axial cable and Optical fiber cable UNGUIDED MEDIA Radio Waves Microwaves Transmission System Infrared Signals Difference between Guided and Unguided Media...

Error Detection and Correction

Types of Errors Error Detection Forward Error Correction Versus Retransmission Parity Check Vertical Redundancy Check (VRC) Longitudinal Redundancy Check (LRC)/2-D Parity Check CRC( Cyclic Redundancy Check) Error Correction Hamming Code Hamming Distance Minimum Hamming Distance CHECKSUM...

Channelization

Frequency-Division Multiple Access (FDMA) Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA) Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) Ethernet Bridged Ethernet Switched Ethernet Full-Duplex Ethernet FAST ETHERNET GIGABIT ETHERNET...

Logical Addressing

Classful Addressing Classless Addressing Network Address Translation (NAT)...

Network Security

Introduction to Cryptography Substitution Ciphers Transposition Ciphers One-Time Pads SYMMETRIC-KEY ALGORITHMS DES—The Data Encryption Standard AES—The Advanced Encryption Standard Cipher Modes PUBLIC-KEY ALGORITHMS RSA DIGITAL SIGNATURES Public-Key Signatures Message Digests The Birthday Attack IPsec Virtual Private Networks Wireless Security The Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange EMAIL SECURITY PGP—Pretty Good Privacy...

Applications of Data Communication

Computer systems and other devices are connected to form a network. They provide numerous advantages:...

FAQs on Data Communication

Q.1 What is the importance of data communication?...