Popular Unit Testing Frameworks

Multiple unit testing frameworks are available in the IT industries and are used by software developers for testing the application and making it more efficient. Some of the popular unit testing frameworks are mentioned below:

1. JUnit

JUnit is an open-source unit testing framework that is used by Java programmers to write and implement unit testing in Java. JUnit is also used for the creation and execution of the unit tests to verify the accuracy of the website applications. This framework is used by developers to organize and read the tests better with the nested test classes.

Advantages:

• JUnit is used for writing codes faster which helps in increasing the quality of the code.
• In JUnit test runners are provided for running tests.
• JUnit provides assertions for testing the expected results

Limitations:

• By using JUnit testing writing test cases can be time-consuming.
• JUnit testing needs more knowledge especially when it comes to using the advanced features.

2. Serenity

Serenity is a popular unit testing framework that provides additional features for developing expressive and maintainable automated tests. With the help of Serenity, users can generate detailed testing reports. This framework also offers flexibility to align automated testing with specific needs.

Advantages:

• Serenity supports multiple datasets and testing.
• It offers flexibility through plugins, extensions, and configuration.
• This framework can seamlessly integrate with Cucumber, Selenium, and WebDriver.

Limitations:

• The Serenity tool can be run only by using JUnit runner or TestNG runner.

3. Selenide

Selenide is a popular Java testing framework that is one of the best tools for developing precise, easy-to-understand, and stable test cases for the user interface of the Java application. This framework can effectively solve the timing/Ajax problems while at the same time making sure that the tests are reliable and accurate.

Advantages:

• Selenide supports the testing applications that are developed using AngularJS.
• It mainly simplifies the process of writing the test cases by reducing the timeout issues.
• Selenide also helps in eliminating the need for multiple complex commands in the traditional Selenium tools.

Limitations:

• Selenide consists of slow execution speed.
• Poor reporting capabilities.
• It contains only fewer plugins, extensions, and community-driven resources.

4. TestNG

TestNG is a unit testing framework that is used to support testing integrated classes. This framework provides software developers with multiple functionalities such as sequencing, grouping, and parameterizing. It also supports dependent testing, load testing, and parallel testing.

Advantages:

• Parallel testing, dependent testing, and load testing are possible in TestNG.
• TestNG allows the grouping of the test methods into the test groups.
• By using the data providers it also supports data-driven testing.

Limitations:

• The setup of TestNG is time-consuming.
• If the project doesn’t need test case prioritization then TestNG is of no use.
• Though it supports parallel test execution, configuring and managing parallel tests effectively can be challenging.

5. Puppeteer

Puppeteer is a unit testing framework that provides a high-level API to control headless Chromium or Chrome over the DevTools Protocol. Puppeteer offers a special Chrome API which is used for NodeJS applications. It is a Node library that is used for automating Chrome browsers to the website tests. 

Advantages:

• Puppeteer offers a headless mode and has of faster execution speed.
• Developers can set browser resolution and sizes.
• It supports both mobile and web automation.

Limitations:

• Puppeteer provides support to a few browsers.
• This framework particularly focuses on JavaScript.
• It does not provide built-in reporting tools for test results or browser automation scripts.

6. Gauge 

Gauge is an open-source unit testing framework that is used for testing mobile websites. With the help of Gauge, software developers can write tests in a way that is easy to understand by using the preferred programming language. The gauge also facilitates parallel test execution by increasing efficiency and saving more time.

Advantages:

• It offers a business layer that mainly enhances the readability and comprehension of test scripts.
• Gauge also provides intelligent report generation by making it easy to act and analyze the test results.
• This framework makes sure that the test scripts remain precise and maintainable.

Limitations:

• The gauge needs more developing time.
• It does not offer extensive built-in capabilities for mocking and stubbing.
• It’s IDE support is less mature.

7. Jest

Jest is a JavaScript unit testing framework that is used to handle unit functional, integration, and end-to-end testing. This framework is user-friendly and consists of a straightforward interface that helps the software developers conduct unit testing conveniently.

Advantages:

• Jest consists of a snapshot feature that allows users to keep track of large objects easily.
• In Jest, the test can be parallelized by running in their processes to maximize.
• Jest also provides standard syntax with documentation support.

Limitations:

• Jest doesn’t provide support for all IDEs.
• The auto-mocking feature present in Jest can lead to speed negativity.
• It lacks in comprehensive built-in tools for more advanced DOM manipulation.

8. Mocha

Mocha is another famous unit testing framework that offers flexibility and also supports multiple libraries. This framework is used with the other libraries and the tools like Chai and Sinon. It also allows to handle the various tasks at the same time and provides support to asynchronous testing.

Advantages:

• It can test the components of both the front-end and back-end.
• Mocha includes built-in support for the NodeJS debugger.
• With the help of Mocha, developers can write tests according to their convenience.

Limitations:

• Mocha needs a Node.js environment.
• Mocha has a steeper learning curve for beginner people.
• Mocha does not support parallel test execution.

9. Jasmine

Jasmine is another unit testing framework that offers robust support for Behaviour-driven development. This framework helps the software developers to develop well-tested and well-documented code which is particularly used for frontend testing.

Advantages:

• It provides detailed support for testing an application’s frontend and backend components.
• Jasmine doesn’t need any document object model.
• It also offers a clean and straightforward syntax for easy website application testing.

Limitations:

• With Jasmine asynchronous testing is difficult.
• The documentation of Jasmine is not present in a user-friendly way.
• Built-in reporting capabilities are very basic in Jasmine.

10. Cypress

Cypress is an open-source unit testing tool that is used to test website applications. It is used for testing Javascript and the web components that run in a browser and this framework supports modern web technologies. Cypress can be run on Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Advantages:

• Cypress supports cross-browser testing.
• It allows the software developers to debug tests in real-time in real-time.
• Cypress provides fast and easy testing and the tests are run directly on the browsers.

Limitations:

• Cypress doesn’t provide any support for mobile testing.
• Cypress is only compatible with TypeScript/ JavaScript.
• It can have performance issues with large applications.

Nowadays unit testing frameworks are high in demand in the IT industries. Unit Testing frameworks refer to the library or the software tool that provides a structured environment for executing, writing, and managing the unit tests in the software development. There are various types of unit testing frameworks which are available in the market for developers which help them in multiple ways. Therefore in this article, comprehensive knowledge has been provided about Unit testing and the top Unit testing frameworks.