Preparation Of Cyanide
- Cyanide is prepared from Hydrogen Cyanide. Hydrogen Cyanide is a weak acid that dissociates sparingly to produce H+ and CN–.The equation is as follows
HCN —–> H+ + CN–
- Sodium Cyanide prepared by the molten sodium is allowed to flow through a mass of heated coke while ammonia gas is passed upward
2 NH3 + 2 C + 2 Na —–> 2 NaCN + 3 H2
- Ammonia reacts with carbon monoxide to form Ammonium Cyanide
2 NH3 + CO ——> NH4CN + H2O
- Potassium Hydroxide reacts with Hydrogen Cyanide to form water and Potassium Cyanide
KOH +HCN ——->H2O + KCN
- Hydrochloric acid reacts with potassium cyanide to produce potassium chloride and hydrogen cyanide
HCl + KCN ——> Kcl + HCN
Cyanide Formula – Structure, Properties, Uses, Sample Questions
Carbon is a chemical element and its chemical symbol is C. Its atomic number is 6 and its electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p2. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent. It is the chemical backbone of all life on Earth. It forms a huge number of compounds with many other elements. It is used as a fuel and also used to make all sorts of materials including alloys, and plastics. The two most common allotropes of carbon are Diamond and Graphite.
Nitrogen is a chemical element and its chemical symbol is N. Its atomic number is 7 and its electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p3. It is important to the chemical industry. It is found in soils and plants, found in the water we drink, and in the air, we breathe. It is used to make nylon, dyes, fertilizers, nitric acid, and explosives. It is an essential nutrient for the production of amino acids, nucleic acids, proteins, etc.
Cyanide is a chemical compound that contains a C≡N functional group. This group known as the cyano group consists of a Carbon atom triple bonded to a nitrogen atom. It is a naturally occurring chemical found in many plants. It is contained in cigarette smoke and the combustion products of synthetic materials such as plastics. Certain bacteria, fungi, and algae can produce cyanides. The most common cause of cyanide poisoning is smoke inhalation in case of fires. It was discovered in 1782 by Swedish Chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele. In this compound, carbon brings four valance electrons and nitrogen brings five valance electrons. And one extra from the ion’s charge. So a total of 10 valence electrons. Finally, we write the ion Cyanide formula as CN–.