Structure of Eukaryotic Cell

The diagram of eukaryotic cell structure comprises the following:

• Plasma membrane: The plasma membrane acts as a barrier between the cells and its external environment. It contains embedded protein that facilitates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
• Cell wall: The cell wall is a rigid structure found outside plant cells but absent in animal cells. It gives the cell its shape, facilitates cell to cell interaction, and acts as a protective barrier against injury and pathogen. Comprising cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins, proteins, and other components. It provides structural support to the cell.
• Cytoskeleton: The cytoskeleton, located within the cytoplasm, is composed of microfilaments, microtubules, and fibers. It maintains the cell’s shape, anchors the organelles, and facilitates cell movement.
• Endoplasmic reticulum: It is the network of small, tubular structure that partitions the cell surface into two regions: luminal and extraluminal. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum- rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
• Nucleus: The nucleoplasm within the nucleus contains DNA and protein. The nuclear envelop is composed of two layers: the outer layer membrane and the inner membrane. Both membranes are permeable to ions, molecules and RNA materials. Ribosomes synthesis also occur within the nucleus.
• Golgi apparatus: It composed of flat, disc shaped structures known as cisternae, this organelle is arranged in parallel and concentric patterns near the nucleus. It serves as a crucial site for the synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids. It is absent in human red blood cells and plant sieve cells.
• Ribosomes: These are primarily responsible for protein synthesis and consist of proteins and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
• Mitochondria: These are known as powerhouse of the cells due to their role in energy production.
• Plastids: These double-membrane structures are exclusive to plant cells and comes in three types: 1. Chloroplast, which contain chlorophyll and is involved in photosynthesis; 2. Chromoplasts, contains the pigment carotene, which imparts yellow, red, or orange; 3. Leucoplasts, lacking coloration and serving as storage sites for oil, fats, carbohydrates or proteins.
• Lysosomes: They are termed as suicidal bags due to their possession of hydrolytic enzymes capable of digesting proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acid.

The diagram of eukaryotic cell showcases its various cell organelles such as the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, vacuoles, lysosomes and the plasma membrane. The difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells can be easily understood with the help of a diagram of eukaryotic cell class 9. Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells.

The diagram of eukaryotic cell with the a label is given below: