Toxicity of Phenol

Phenol can cause severe burns upon skin contact, and even dilute solutions may result in systemic toxicity. It is readily absorbed through multiple routes of exposure (ingestion, dermal, inhalation) and distributes widely in the body, leading to multi organ failure in severe cases.

It is a toxic substance that can cause a range of harmful effects on the body. It is a protoplasmic poison with dual hydrophilic and lipophilic properties. It can penetrate cellular membranes easily, denature proteins, and lead to cell death and necrosis. Following safety guidelines and precautions when working with Phenol is essential to prevent exposure and minimize the associated risks.

Phenol (C6H5OH)

Phenol is an aromatic organic compound. Its molecular formula is C6H6O. Phenol is characterized by a hydroxyl group attached to a carbon atom that is part of an aromatic ring. It is also known as carbolic acid and consists of hydroxyl and phenyl groups attached to each other. In this article, we look into what phenol is, its structure, its classification, general properties, preparation and reactions, etc.

Table of Content

  • What is Phenol?
  • Classification of phenol
  • Properties of phenol
  • Preparation of Phenol
  • Reaction of Phenol
  • Derivatives of Phenol
  • Uses of Phenol

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What is Phenol?

Phenol is an organic compound with an aromatic ring. The molecular formula of phenol is C6H5OH. It can be obtained from the distillation of coal tar or crude. It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile. It can be manufactured as a chemical or obtained as a natural substance. Its appearance is colourless-to-white solid when pure, while the commercial product is a liquid....

Classification of phenol

Phenols can be classified based on the number of hydroxyl groups attached. They can be classified as follows:...

Properties of phenol

Phenol is also called carbolic acid. It exhibits several distinctive physical and chemical properties:...

Natural Occurrence of Phenol

Phenol is a naturally occurring compound that can be found in various sources. Plants and microorganisms produce phenolic compounds in response to ecological pressures such as UV radiation and wounding. Natural phenols can be found in food consumed in human diets, such as fruits, vegetables, herbs, and spices, as well as in fatty matrices like olive oil....

Preparation of Phenol

Phenol can be prepared from various compounds such as haloarenes, benzene sulfonic acid, cumene, diazonium salts, Grignard reagents, etc. It can be prepared by laboratory and commercial methods. Let’s discuss these two methods below:...

Reaction of Phenol

The reaction of phenols are as follows:...

Special Reaction of Phenol

Phenol undergoes various chemical reactions to a number of compounds. Some of these reactions are mentioned below:...

Derivatives of Phenol

Phenol can be used to make various other organic compounds. The reactions make other organic compounds is discussed below:...

Uses of Phenol

Due to its unique properties, Phenol has a wide range of applications across various industries. Some of the critical applications of Phenol include:...

Toxicity of Phenol

Phenol can cause severe burns upon skin contact, and even dilute solutions may result in systemic toxicity. It is readily absorbed through multiple routes of exposure (ingestion, dermal, inhalation) and distributes widely in the body, leading to multi organ failure in severe cases....

Phenol Frequently Asked Questions

What is Called Phenol?...