Traditional Irrigation Systems in Various Parts of India
Geographically India is a diverse country. According to the landform in various parts of India, different types of irrigation systems were used traditionally. Various traditional irrigation systems in various parts of India are mentioned below:
|
Region |
Irrigation System |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
North India |
Zing |
It was used in Jammu and Kashmir. Here, melted glacier water was collected in tanks and used in irrigation. |
|
Naula |
This method was used in Uttaranchal. Here, stream water was collected in small wells for irrigation. |
|
|
Kuhl |
It was used in Himachal Pradesh. Here, surface channels were made to collect river water for irrigation. |
|
|
Guhl |
In this method, diversion channels were used to irrigate lands. |
|
|
Baudi |
It was mainly used in some districts of Himachal Pradesh such as Kangra, Mandi etc. Here, water tanks were used to irrigate lands. |
|
|
Khatri |
In this method, pits were made to collect the rainwater that seeps through the rocks. |
|
|
Ahar Pynes |
It was mainly found in Bihar. It was a form of rainwater conservation. Ahar for collection of water and pynes means channels to supply water to the land. |
|
|
South India |
Eri System |
It was found in Tamil Nadu. Eri means water tanks. They were used to collect and store rainwater for irrigation. |
|
Kattas |
This method was found in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Kattas are small tanks that were used to collect and store rainwater. |
|
|
Keres |
This was also found in Karnataka. Keres are tanks that were connected by canals and were used to collect rainwater for irrigation. |
|
|
Ahar Pynes |
In South India, It was mainly found in Kerala. Ahar is the water storage system and pynes are channels that were used to supply water to the land. |
|
|
Check Dams |
It was mainly found in the hilly region of south India. In this method, small dams were made on the seasonal rivers and thus water is collected for irrigation purposes. |
|
|
Anicut System |
This system was found in Kerala and Tamilnadu. Dams were made on the rivers and thus water was collected for irrigation purposes. |
|
|
North-East India |
Bamboo Drip Irrigation |
This method was seen in Meghalaya. Here, Bamboo pipes were used to supply the spring water to the field. |
|
Zabo and Dongs |
This method was mainly used in Assam. Zabo are the bamboo pipes used to supply stream water to the land and Dongs are small ridges that were made along the sloping area to preserve water for irrigation. |
|
|
Paddy cum fish culture |
This was mainly found in Manipur. Here, small fish ponds were made within paddy fields. |
|
|
Apatani paddy and fish culture |
It was seen in Arunachal Pradesh. “Apangs” or channels were made to supply water from mountain rivers to the land. Small fishes were cultured in the crop fields also. |
Traditional Methods of Irrigation
Traditional methods of irrigation denote several irrigation techniques that were mainly used in earlier days. In earlier days, technology was not much advanced. So, farmers mainly used their cattle to provide water to the lands through various traditional techniques. Human resources were also used for this purpose. These methods were very simple and cheap as there was no machinery used in these techniques. However, the methods required lots of physical effort and the water supply also was not proper. This article deals with types of traditional methods of irrigation prevalent in India and worldwide.
Table of Content
- What is Irrigation?
- What is the Traditional Method of Irrigation Class 8?
- Traditional Methods of Irrigation in India
- Modern Methods of Irrigation
- Traditional Irrigation Systems in Various Parts of India
- Advantages of Traditional Methods of Irrigation
- Disadvantages of Traditional Methods of Irrigation