Tuning of PID controller
Tuning of PID controller means adjusting the three variable Proportional(P), Integral(I) and Derivative(D). Through this process we try to achieve the desired controlled position.
Methods that followed to tuning a PID –
- Manual Tuning: It is the simplest way to tune a PID controller. It is done by trial and error method. This process may not lead to the most optimal result also it cannot handle complex system.
- Zeigler – Nicholas Method: This process provides a systematic tunning for PID controller. Tuning rule is as such – first P tune followed by PI tuning followed by PID tuning. This is one of the easiest method which provides good starting point for tuning. Although it has a slow response time as compared to other process.
- Cohen – coon Method: It is an improvement of zeigler – nicholas method. It catches ultimate gain and eliminates period from systems response and utilize that for better tuning.
- Kappa-tau Tuning: This method is also an improvement of Zeigler Nicholas tuning. It eliminates the shortcomings of Ziegler-Nichols, such as high proportional gains and the rules providing poor results for systems with long normalized dead time. It ensures less oscillatory response and results no disturbances with no overshot.
- Lambda Tuning: This process allows user to choose response time of closed loop, which is named as Greek later Lambda( λ). And then it calculate the corresponding time to archive the optimal response time.
- Frequency Response Tuning: This method involves analyzing the frequency of the response of the system.
Although there are several tuning methods for PID controller but mostly used are described.
Proportional Integral Derivative Controller in Control System
A proportional Integral Derivative controller also called a PID controller, is a widely used feedback control mechanism in industrial automation. It aims to regulate a process variable by adjusting a manipulated variable based on the error between the set point and the actual process variable.
Table of Content
- What is a Proportional Integral Derivative Controller?
- Mathematical Expression of PID Controller
- Block Diagram of PID controller
- Working of PID controller
- Tuning of PID controller
- Advantages and Disadvantages of PID controller