Types of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA are three different forms of DNA that can adopt distinct three-dimensional structures due to variations in the relative orientation of the nucleotide bases and the sugar-phosphate backbone.
- A-DNA: These are right-handed double helical DNA that have 11 bases per complete turn with a 2.3 nm diameter of the helix. In comparison to B-DNA, A-DNA is more tightly packed and has a narrower helix. A-DNA is crucial for DNA stability and protection against harm.
- B-DNA: It is the typical right-handed double helical DNA found in most of the cells. They have 10 bases per complete turn with a 1.9 nm diameter of the helix.This DNA is helpful in DNA replication and transcription.
- Z-DNA: It has a zig-zag pattern with a left-handed helix that has 12 bases per complete turn with a 1.8 nm diameter of the helix. Z-DNA is reported to be involved in the regulation of genes and the management of gene expression. This DNA is favored by the existence of alternating purine-pyrimidine sequences.
Note: It’s important to remember that these three varieties of DNA can coexist and are not mutually exclusive. Although B-DNA is the most prevalent one, the other two forms can also exist depending on the surrounding environment or the presence of other molecules, such as proteins.
DNA Full Form
The DNA full form is Deoxyribonucleic Acid. It is the genetic material that carries the genetic information of living organisms. The structure of DNA is a nucleotide-based double-stranded molecule that serves as the basis for DNA. Deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and one of the four nitrogenous bases i.e. adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine(G) are all components of the nucleotides.
There are different types of DNA. The main function of DNA is to store genetic information and carry out gene expression. The applications of DNA include genetic engineering, gene editing, gene therapy, etc. This article will cover DNA full form, structure and function.
Table of Content
- What is the Full Form of DNA?
- Types of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
- Structure of DNA
- Functions of DNA
- Applications of DNA
- Conclusion: DNA Full Form – Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- Related Full Form Articles
- FAQs on DNA Full Form – Deoxyribonucleic Acid