What is DC Motor Speed Control?
Speed control in a DC motor refers to the capacity to control the motor shaft’s rotating speed. DC motors are generally used in a range of applications that request exact command over speed, including mechanical technology, current hardware, electric vehicles, and advanced mechanics systems. For these applications, controlling the speed of a DC motor is crucial for achieving the ideal presentation, effectiveness, and utility.
There are different ways of controlling the speed of a DC motor, each with its arrangement of advantages and disadvantages. The following are a couple of normal methodologies:
- Control of Voltage: This strategy incorporates changing the voltage applied to the motor to control its speed. Changing the voltage between the engine terminals permits you to change the electromagnetic power (EMF) produced in the motor, which impacts its speed. Be that as it may, voltage control may not give exact speed directions, particularly at lower speeds, bringing about less power.
- Armature Resistance Control: This technique involves adjusting the resistance in series with the motor’s armature winding to control the speed. The voltage drop across the armature increases when the resistance is increased. This lowers the motor’s driving voltage and, as a result, the speed. Speed control with armature resistance control is better than simple voltage control, but it can lose power and be less effective.
- Field Flux Regulating: You can direct the motor’s speed by managing the field motion, either by changing the field winding obstruction or by utilizing field control procedures. This innovation beats armature resistance control in terms of perfection and adequacy.
- Pulse Width Modulation (PWM): It is a regular technique for controlling the speed of DC motors. It requires rapidly turning the power supply to the engine on and off at a decent rate while changing the duty cycle. By changing the duty cycle, you can oversee the suitable voltage provided to the motor and subsequently direct the speed. In contrast with different systems, PWM conveys exact control, high efficiency, and low heat generation.
- Chopper Control: Chopper control is a kind of PWM control in which power electrical devices known as choppers direct the voltage given to the motor. Choppers turn on and off the stock voltage to the motor in a normal way, utilizing variable duty cycles to control the speed. Chopper control gives predominant speed control, high efficiency, and diminishes the electrical and mechanical load of the motor.
Speed Regulation of DC Motor
At the point when a DC motor gets stacked, its speed decreases gradually which is not beneficial for the machine. So the distinction between no-heap and full-load rates not being most important means it is not likely to make a difference. An engine that can keep an almost consistent speed under changing burdens is said to have major areas of strength, and that implies that the distinction between no heap and full burden speed is little. Speed guidelines for extremely durable magnet DC motors are great, going somewhere in the range of 10 and 15%, but DC shunt engines are somewhat under 10%. DC series motors have bad guidelines. For a compound DC motor utilizing DC total compound, the speed guideline is around 25%, though the differential compound has a superb value of 5%.
Table of Content
- What is DC Motor Speed Control?
- Speed of a DC Motor
- Speed Regulation of a DC Motor
- Applications
- Conclusion
- FAQs