What is DNA?

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, also known as ‘genetic blue print’ of organism is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions for the growth, development and reproduction of all living organisms. The two DNA strands composed of simpler monomeric units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases.

These base pairs are arranged in sequence along the DNA molecule that encodes the information for the synthesis of proteins and the regulation of various cellular processes. DNA is found in the nucleus of cell in eukaryotic organisms, where it is organized into structures called chromosomes. Every chromosome has a single DNA molecule. In humans, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes enclosed within the nucleus of the cells

The difference Between DNA and RNA lies in their structure, function, and location within cells, with DNA typically double-stranded, storing genetic information in the nucleus, while RNA is generally single-stranded, involved in protein synthesis, and present in various cellular compartments. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic acid) differ in structure, function, and location. DNA is double-stranded, stores genetic information, and resides in the nucleus. RNA is single-stranded, involved in protein synthesis, and found in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and ribosomes. RNA contains ribose sugar while DNA contains deoxyribose.

DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids, differing in structure and function. DNA is double-stranded that contains deoxyribose sugar that stores genetic information while RNA is single-stranded that has ribose sugar and participates in protein synthesis and gene regulation. These distinctions define their roles in cellular processes. In this article, we will learn about the difference between DNA and RNA, their function, and structure.