Maths Commands in LaTeX

  1. Fractions: Instead of writing fractions as A / B we will use below syntax Syntax :
    \frac{numerator}{denominator}
    
    Example –
    \frac{a+1}{b+1}
    
    OUTPUT:
  2. Nth power: Instead of writing powers as x ^ n which is not clear as if it is xor or power so we will use below syntax Syntax:
    x^y
    
    Example –
    x^2
    
    OUTPUT:
  3. Nth root: Instead of writing roots as x^(1/N) which is not clear as if it is xor or root so we will use below syntax Syntax:
    \sqrt[N]{27}
    
    Example –
    \sqrt[3]{27}
    
    OUTPUT:
  4. Matrices Instead of writing matrices as [[1, x, x^2], [1, y, y^2][1, z, z^2]] which is not very clear use below syntax Syntax:
    \begin{matrix}
        1 & x & x^2 \\
        1 & y & y^2 \\
        1 & z & z^2 \\
    \end{matrix}
    
    Example –
    \begin{matrix}
        1 & x & x^2 \\
        1 & y & y^2 \\
        1 & z & z^2 \\
    \end{matrix}
    
    OUTPUT:
  5. Definitions by cases (piecewise function) is a function defined by multiple sub-functions, each sub-function applying to a certain interval of the main function’s domain, a sub-domain. Syntax:
     f(n) =
    \begin{cases}
    n/2,  & \text{if $n$ is even} \\
    n+1, & \text{if $n$ is odd}
    \end{cases}
    
    Example –
     f(n) =
    \begin{cases}
    n/2,  & \text{if $n$ is even} \\
    n+1, & \text{if $n$ is odd}
    \end{cases}
    
    OUTPUT:
  6. System of equations is a function defined by multiple sub-functions, each sub-function applying to a certain interval of the main function’s domain, a sub-domain. Syntax:
     \left\{ 
    \begin{array}{c}
    a_1x+b_1y+c_1z=d_1 \\ 
    a_2x+b_2y+c_2z=d_2 \\ 
    a_3x+b_3y+c_3z=d_3
    \end{array}
    \right. 
    
    Example –
     \left\{ 
    \begin{array}{c}
    a_1x+b_1y+c_1z=d_1 \\ 
    a_2x+b_2y+c_2z=d_2 \\ 
    a_3x+b_3y+c_3z=d_3
    \end{array}
    \right. 
    
    OUTPUT:
  7. Summation is the addition of a sequence of any kind of numbers, called addends or summands; the result is their sum or total. Syntax:
    \sum_{i=0}^n i^2
    
    Example –
    \sum_{i=0}^n i^2
    
    OUTPUT:
  8. subscriptsis a character that is set slightly below the normal line of type. Syntax:
    \log_2 x
    
    Example –
    \log_2 x
    
    OUTPUT:
  9. floor is the function that takes as input a real number and gives as output the greatest integer less than or equal to, denoted. Syntax:
    \lfloor n \rfloor
    
    Example –
    \lfloor 2.2 \rfloor
    
    OUTPUT:
  10. ceil function maps to the least integer greater than or equal to, denoted. Syntax:
    \lceil n \rcei
    
    Example –
    \lceil 2.5 \rceil
    
    OUTPUT:
  11. Some Combined examples :
      Example –
    • Use
      \sum_{i=0}^n i^2 = \frac{(n^2+n)(2n+1)}{6}
      for
    • Example –
    • Use
      \left(\frac{\sqrt x}{y^3}\right)
      for
    • Example –
    • Use
      \Biggl(\biggl(\Bigl(\bigl((n)\bigr)\Bigr)\biggr)\Biggr)
      for
    • Example –
    • Use
      \sqrt[3]{\frac xy}
      for