Causes of Polyembryony
Polyembryony, the phenomenon where multiple embryos develop from a single fertilized egg or multiple fertilized eggs within the same seed, can be caused by various factors, including genetic, developmental, and environmental influences. Here are some of the major causes of polyembryony:
- Genetic Factors: Genetic mutations or variations in regulatory genes involved in embryo development can lead to the formation of multiple embryos from a single zygote.
- Developmental Abnormalities: Developmental abnormalities may arise due to genetic mutations, environmental stressors, or other factors disrupting normal developmental processes.
- Endosperm Patterning: Abnormalities in endosperm development can influence embryo development and may contribute to the formation of multiple embryos within a seed.
- Environmental Factors: Environmental stressors, such as temperature extremes, nutrient deficiencies, or pathogens, can sometimes trigger polyembryony as a response to stress.
- Pollination and Fertilization Mechanisms: Certain pollination and fertilization mechanisms, particularly in gymnosperms, may contribute to polyembryony. For example, multiple pollen grains or male gametes may fertilize multiple egg cells within the ovule, leading to the formation of multiple embryos.
Polyembryony – Types, Causes, and Importance
Polyembryony refers to the occurrence of multiple embryos developing within a single ovule, seed, or fertilized ovum, and it is observed in both animals and plants. Polyembryony can be influenced by environmental conditions and genetic factors. Environmental factors such as temperature, light, and nutrient availability can cause polyembryony in certain plant species. Polyembryony examples are seen in mango, citrus, and in gymnosperms.
Genetic factors, including specific gene mutations or variations, may also play a role in regulating polyembryony. In this article, we will look into the meaning, causes, types, examples, and significance of polyembryony.
Table of Content
- What is Polyembryony in Plants?
- Causes of Polyembryony
- Types of Polyembryony
- Polyembryony in Mango
- Polyembryony in Gymnosperms
- Examples of Polyembryony
- Difference Between Apomixis and Polyembryony
- Importance of Polyembryony in Plants