Valency
Define Valency.
The valency of an atom is equal to the number of valence electrons that this atom can gain or lose during chemical reactions. For example, the amount of hydrogen atoms, chlorine atoms, or double the number of oxygen atoms that one atom of an element may combine with is referred to as its valency.
What is the Valency of Chlorine?
The atomic number of Chlorine is 17, so its electronic configuration can be written 2, 8, 7. Therefore its valency is 1 only.
What is the Valency of Carbon?
The Electronic configuration of C is 6 (K = 2; L = 4). They have 4 electron in their outermost shell. So, the valency of Carbon is 4.
What is the Valency of Oxygen?
The Electronic configuration of O is 8 (K = 2; L = 6; M= 0), They have 6 electrons in their outermost shell. So, the valency of Oxygen is : 8 – 6 = 2.
How to Find the Valency of an Element?
The periodic table shows that all members of the same group of an element have the same valency. If we look at group 8 in the periodic table, all of the elements have achieved octet organisation and have entirely occupied their outermost orbit. Therefore, group 8’s elements have no valencies. There are three main ways to determine the valency of any element:
- Using the complete octet rule,
- Using the periodic table of elements, and
- On the Basis of the Chemical Formulae.
Which of the following is an anion with valency two?
Chloride Ion, Ammonium Ion, Calcium Ion, Bromide Ion
Chloride Ion is Cl–, Ammonium Ion is NH4+, Calcium Ion is Ca+2 and Bromide Ion is Br–.
Thus, only Calcium Ion has the valency 2, all other ions have valency 1.
Valency
Valency of an element is a measure of an atom’s ability to combine with other atoms to create molecules or chemical compounds. The characteristics of an element that indicate how many more atoms can join one of its atoms in a covalent bond are known as valence, or valency, in chemistry. The term, which was first used in 1868, is used to represent both the broad potential of combining an element and the numerical value of the power of combining. Since the majority of bonds are created by the interchange of valence electrons, valence is defined as the number of electrons. The valence electrons determine what valences are and what their meaning is in chemistry.