Founder of Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate was founded by Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan in 661 CE. He became the first Umayyad caliph after the end of the First Muslim Civil War (also known as the First Fitna), establishing Damascus as the capital of the caliphate. Muawiya’s rise to power marked the transition of the Islamic leadership from the Rashidun Caliphs to a hereditary dynasty, starting the Umayyad era that lasted until 750 CE.
Umayyad Caliphate (661-750 CE)
Muawiyah I established the Umayyad Caliphate in 661 CE after defeating Ali ibn Abi Talib. It became the first hereditary dynasty in Islamic history, with power passed down through the Umayyad family.
Umayyad Caliphate played a role in the codification of Islamic law and the development of Islamic scholarship. Damascus, Syria, served as the capital, a strategic location at the crossroads of trade routes. The Umayyads significantly expanded the Islamic empire, reaching North Africa, Spain (known as Al-Andalus), and Central Asia.
Table of Content
- About Umayyad Caliphate
- Umayyad Caliphate – Overview
- The Umayyad Caliphate – History
- Historical Events Timeline During Umayyad Caliphate
- Umayyad Caliphate – Achievements
- Fall of the Umayyad Caliphate
- Interesting Facts about the Umayyad Caliphate