Independent Judiciary in India

Indian Constitution has ensured the independence of the judiciary through the following provisions:

• Mode of appointment- The legislature is not involved in the appointment of judges. This is done to ensure that judicial appointments are not biased based on political or practical considerations.
• Security of tenure- Judges can be removed by the President or governor as per the manner prescribed in the constitution.
• Fixed service conditions: Conditions of service remain the same during their tenure.
• It is prohibited by the constitution to discuss in Parliament or State legislature the conduct of judges concerning the discharge of duties.
• The retired Supreme Court judges are banned from further service in any court or authority to remove biases of judgment while in service.
• Any person can be punished by the court for their contempt.
• Parliament can only increase its jurisdiction but cannot curtail it.
• Separation of the Judiciary from the Executive is provided by the Constitution.
• The judiciary is not dependent financially on the legislature or executive.

An organ of government that deals with the administration of justice according to law is called the judiciary. It includes courts, judges, etc. The work done by the judiciary involves dispute resolution, judicial review, upholding the law, and enforcement of fundamental rights. 

It resolves disputes among citizens, between citizens and government, and between two governments central or state. It is the final interpreter of the constitution and can override the Parliament. Indian judiciary is single, integrated as well and independent as established by the Indian constitution.