Separately Excited DC Motor
In DC motors with a separate excite, field coil to make permanent magnets. But, the armature and field coils are not connected electrically to each other. They work separately and do not bother the other. But, the result of the engine is added up with both.
More Types of DC Motor
Some more types of DC Motor on the various parameters are discussed below:
1. Based on Commutation:
- Brushed Motors: Use brushes and a commutator for current reversal.
- Brushless Motors: Switch currents in the windings by electronic commutation.
2. Based on Application:
- DC Servo Motors: Exact control of position and speed. Applied in robotics, CNC machine tools and automation.
- Stepper Motors: Take small steps, accurate position control. Widely employed in printers and CNC machines.
- Hysteresis Motors: The materials ‘motion makes use of their magnetic hysteresis. Used in devices such as record players, rather simple.
- Brushed DC Gear Motors: Have a gearbox for high torque at low speeds. Applied in robotics, electric vehicles and automation.
- DC Traction Motors: Intended for use in traction devices, including electric vehicles and trains.
3. Based on Speed-Torque Characteristics:
- High-Speed DC Motors: Designed for uses involving high rotational speeds. Examples include tools and appliances.
- Low-Speed DC Motors: Offer high torque at low speeds. Commonly used in industrial machinery.
4. Based on Size and Shape:
- Micro DC Motors: Applications such as consumer electronics call for very small motors.
- Large DC Motors: As used in industrial purposes such as steel mills, paper industries and ship propulsion.
5. Based on Control System:
- Closed-Loop DC Motors: Feedback mechanisms can be employed for more precise control. Applications where precision control is important.
- Open-Loop DC Motors: Control without feedback, simpler design. In applications where control is not so critical.
Difference between DC Brushed Motor and DC Brushless Motor
The difference between DC Brushed Motor and DC Brushless Motor is given below:
|
DC Brushed Motor vs DC Brushless Motor |
||
|---|---|---|
|
Comparison |
DC Brushed Motor |
DC Brushless Motor |
|
Construction |
Consists of a stator and rotor with windings. Uses brushes and a commutator to switch current. |
Consists of a stator with permanent or electromagnetic magnets and rotor windings. Electronic commutation is achieved without the use of brushes and commutators. |
|
Maintenance |
Requires frequent maintenance because of brush and commutator wear.Brushes may have to be changed and commutators need cleaning. |
Generally requires less maintenance because no brushes or commutators to wear out |
|
Lifespan |
Typically runs out faster due to the wear and tear in brushes, commutators. |
It usually has a longer life since there are no brushes and commutators to wear off. |
|
Efficiency |
May have reduced efficiency due to friction and wear in brushes, commutators. |
Usually, more effective since there are no brush-related losses. |
|
Noise and Vibration |
May generate additional noise and vibration resulting from physical interaction of brushes with the commutator. |
Generally less noisy and smoother in operation. |
|
Cost |
Generally less expensive upfront. |
Normally costlier as they require electronic controllers. |
DC Motor
DC motor is a machine that converts electrical energy of direct current into mechanical energy. In a DC motor, the input electrical energy is direct current which is converted into mechanical rotation.
In this article, we will learn what is DC motor, its Diagram, Construction, Working, types, and applications. We will also compare DC and AC Motors based on various parameters.
Table of Content
- What is DC Motor?
- Construction of DC Motor
- DC Motor Working Principle
- DC Motor Characteristics
- Types of DC Motors
- AC and DC Motors
- Applications of DC Motor