Technological and Navigational Developments
Compass: During the Age of Exploration, the compass, an old Chinese invention became a crucial instrument for navigation. The compass significantly improved navigation accuracy by giving sailors a dependable reference point (magnetic north) to maintain a constant heading even when they were out of sight of land.
Astrolabe: During the Age of Exploration, the astrolabe, an ancient device for celestial navigation was improved and modified for use at sea. The astrolabe was used by sailors to calculate the angle between the sun and stars, in particular, and the horizon. This data facilitated navigation and helped establish latitude.
Chronometer: In the 18th century, John Harrison created the chronometer, a very accurate way to tell time. By comparing the local time with the time at the Prime Meridian, the chronometer allowed sailors to precisely determine their longitude while at sea. This resolved the enduring issue of figuring out longitude for lengthy sea cruises.
Caravel: The 15th century saw the emergence of the caravel, a form of ship with a flexible hull design and a mix of square and triangular sails. Due to their increased flexibility over older vessels, caravels were useful for both coastal and oceanic sailing. They were essential to long-range exploration.
Write a brief note on exploration and navigation in Indian History
In Indian history, exploration and navigation symbolize stories of exploration, discovery, and cultural ties that have profoundly shaped the country’s identity and global significance. The Indian subcontinent’s diverse and extensive landscape, combined with its advantageous placement across important trade routes, attracted explorers, merchants, and tourists from all over the world.
This article explores the pivotal role of exploration and navigation in shaping India’s history, emphasizing maritime trade, cultural exchanges, and the impact of colonialism, highlighting both advantages and disadvantages.