Major Crops
In India, a number of major crops are grown based on the soil types, climate, and cultivation processes. Major crops in India are as follows:
- Rice
- Wheat
- Millets
- Pulses
- Tea
- Coffee
- Sugarcane
- Jute
Rice
- It is a staple food crop. India is the second largest producer of rice after China.
- A type of Kharif crop, rice is grown in regions with high humidity having an annual rainfall of over 100 cm and elevated temperatures of over 25°C
- It is cultivated in north and northeast India, coastal regions, and the deltaic regions.
Wheat
- It is the second most important cereal crop and is the main food crop of north and northwest India.
- It requires a cool climate season with 50 to 75 cm of annual rainfall to grow and bright sunshine during the time of ripening.
- The two most wheat-growing regions of India are – the Ganga Satluj plains of the northwest and the black soil regions of the Deccan. Punjab, Haryana, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan are the wheat-producing states of India.
Millets
- Jowar, bajra, and ragi are the most prominent and important millets cultivated in India.
- Jowar is a rain-fed crop grown in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Karnataka.
- Bajra is cultivated on sandy soils and shallow black soils. They are mainly produced in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Haryana.
- Ragi grows best on black, red, sandy, loamy, and shallow black soils. Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh are the major ragi-producing states.
Maize
- It is a Kharif crop that grows well in old alluvial soil. It requires a temperature, of 21°C to 27°C to grow.
- Karnataka, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Madhya Pradesh are the major maize-producing states.
Pulses
- India is the largest producer as well as the largest consumer of pulses in the world.
- Pulses require less moisture and can even survive in dry conditions.
- They are a major source of protein in a vegetarian diet and are produced in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan.
Read in Detail- Major Food Crops in India
CBSE Notes Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 – Agriculture
CBSE Notes Class 10 Geography Chapter 4- Agriculture is about agriculture and the agricultural sector in India. Agriculture is the prime activity of the economy of India and produces raw materials for various types of industries. We will focus on and study the types of farming, cropping patterns, and also the various major crops that are grown in India. We will also learn about the contribution of agriculture to the national economy, to employment, and also about the outputs emerging from agriculture.
For easy accessibility to the students, we have tried to compile CBSE Class 10 Social Science Notes which mostly consist of the four main domains: History, Geography, Political Science, and Economics, in a single source, and also the access to the same is free of cost.
Table of Content
- Topics Covered in Chapter 4 Agriculture of Class 10
- Highlights of Chapter 4- Agriculture
- CBSE Notes Class 10 Geography Chapter 4- Agriculture
- Types of Farming
- Cropping Pattern
- Major Crops
- Food Crops other than grains
- Non-Food Crops
- Technological and Institutional Reforms
- Contribution of Agriculture to the National Economy, Employment, and Output
- Food Security
- Impact of Globalization on Agriculture