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Non-Food Crops

Food Crops other than grains

Technological and Institutional Reforms

Rubber

  1. India is the 4th largest natural rubber producer in the world.
  2. Rubber is mainly an equatorial crop, but under certain conditions, it can be grown in sub-tropical and tropical conditions.
  3. It requires a humid and moist climate an annual temperature of 25°C and annual rainfall of more than 200 cm.
  4. Rubber is grown in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Meghalaya (Garo Hills), and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Fiber crops

Major fiber crops are grown in India: Silk, Cotton, Jute            

Silk

  1. It is obtained from the cocoons of silkworms that feed on the leaves of mulberry plants. The process of cultivation of silkworms to obtain silk is called sericulture.
  2. Assam, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh are the largest, of silk in India.

Cotton

  1. In 2008, India was the second largest producer of cotton in the world (after China).
  2. A type of Kharif crop, it grows well in the drier parts of black cotton soil prevalent in the Deccan plateau.
  3. It requires a climate of elevated temperature, light rainfall, 210 frost-free days, bright sunshine, and proper irrigation. It takes around 6-8 months to mature.
  4. Major cotton-producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Karnataka.

Jute

  1. Known as golden fiber, it requires an elevated temperature to grow.
  2. It grows on the well-drained fertile soils in the flood plains which get replenished and renewed every year.
  3. Jute is used to produce different products like gunny bags, yarn, ropes, mats, and other artifacts.
  4. West Bengal, Assam, Odisha, Bihar, and Meghalaya are major jute-producing states.

Read in Detail- Non- Food Crops in India

CBSE Notes Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 – Agriculture

CBSE Notes Class 10 Geography Chapter 4- Agriculture is about agriculture and the agricultural sector in India. Agriculture is the prime activity of the economy of India and produces raw materials for various types of industries. We will focus on and study the types of farming, cropping patterns, and also the various major crops that are grown in India. We will also learn about the contribution of agriculture to the national economy, to employment, and also about the outputs emerging from agriculture.

For easy accessibility to the students, we have tried to compile CBSE Class 10 Social Science Notes which mostly consist of the four main domains: History, Geography, Political Science, and Economics, in a single source, and also the access to the same is free of cost.

Table of Content

  • Topics Covered in Chapter 4 Agriculture of Class 10
  • Highlights of Chapter 4- Agriculture
  • CBSE Notes Class 10 Geography Chapter 4- Agriculture
  • Types of Farming
  • Cropping Pattern
  • Major Crops
  • Food Crops other than grains
  • Non-Food Crops
  • Technological and Institutional Reforms
  • Contribution of Agriculture to the National Economy, Employment, and Output
  • Food Security
  • Impact of Globalization on Agriculture

Agriculture Notes

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Topics Covered in Chapter 4 Agriculture of Class 10

Below are the important topics discussed under chapter “Agriculture”...

Highlights of Chapter 4- Agriculture

...

CBSE Notes Class 10 Geography Chapter 4- Agriculture

Types of Farming...

Types of Farming

Types of farming and their applicability depend on several factors which include the physical environment, technological progress along with socio-cultural practices. Types of farming vary from subsistence type to commercial types of arming and in different parts of India, depending on various climates and physical factors, different types of farming are practiced....

Cropping Pattern

There are cropping seasons in India....

Major Crops

In India, a number of major crops are grown based on the soil types, climate, and cultivation processes. Major crops in India are as follows:...

Food Crops other than grains

Sugarcane...

Non-Food Crops

Rubber...

Technological and Institutional Reforms

Agriculture is the source of livelihood for more than 60% of India’s population. After achieving independence from the British, several reforms such as consolidation of holdings, cooperation, abolition of zamindari, collectivization, etc. were introduced and prioritized....

Contribution of Agriculture to the National Economy, Employment, and Output

52% of the total Indian workforce was employed in the farming sector in 2010-11. Major initiatives like the establishment of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), agricultural universities, horticulture development, animal breeding, and veterinary services, development in meteorology, and weather forecasting have all been given priority to improve the agricultural sector. However, even though the growth rate of India’s GDP is increasing, it is not generating sufficient employment opportunities in the country....

Food Security

If any part of the population does not have access to food, then it is regarded as a failure of food security. In India, remote areas are highly prone to natural disasters and uncertainty in food supply. The government has designed a national food security system that is composed of two components- buffer stock and public distribution system (PDS) Food Corporation of India (FCI) looks after the procurement and stocking of food grains while PDS is responsible for distribution. The FCI procures food grains from farmers at the minimum support price (MSP) declared by the government. The PDS is responsible for supplying these food grains at subsidized rates in rural and urban areas....

Impact of Globalization on Agriculture

The start of globalization in the early 1990s exposed India to numerous challenges. Despite being a major producer of rice, jute, tea, coffee, spices, and other products, India was unable to compete with developed countries due to their highly subsidized agriculture.  Genetic engineering is a powerful supplement that is helping in creating new hybrid varieties of seeds which is helping in increasing production and making farming more profitable. Organic farming is also the new norm that it doesn’t use any factory-made chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers....

FAQs on CBSE Notes Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 – Agriculture

Why is agriculture an important occupation?...

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Food Crops other than grains

Technological and Institutional Reforms