PESA Act – 1996

73rd Amendment Act, 1992 – Overview

73rd Constitutional Amendment Act or The Panchayati Raj Act recommends that the states that have a population of more than 20 lakh, must have the three-tier Panchayati Raj system. The system includes the village, intermediate, and district. If there is a population of less than 20 lakh, they should have two layers only, i.e. village and district. Here is the general overview of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act as mentioned below....

Objective Of 73rd Amendment Act

Here are some major objectives of 73rd Amendment Act, as mentioned below:...

73rd Amendment Act, 1992 – Articles

Article 243 – 243 (O) of the Indian Constitution falls under Part IX. The Article 40 of the Indian Constitution falls under the Directive Principles of State Policy. In this, the Constitution directly states, that the State shall take necessary steps to organize village panchayats. Here are the major articles mentioned below that was mentioned by the Balwant Rai Mehta Committee report....

Features of the 73rd Amendment Act

Here are the major features of the 73rd Amendment Act of Indian Constitution, as mentioned below....

Exemptions Of 73rd Amendment Act

Nagaland, Meghalaya, Mizoram, specific tribal areas, Manipur hill area, and Darjeeling district of West Bengal are exempted from the 73rd Amendment Act. Here are the reasons as mentioned below....

Importance of the 73rd Amendment

The 73rd Amendment Act introduced Panchayati Raj Institutions in the Indian Constitution. Due to so many reasons like irregular elections, disruptions, not enough representation of marginalized groups (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and women), not giving them enough powers, and not having sufficient money. Here is the importance of 73rd Amendment Act as mentioned below....

Eleventh Schedule (Article 243G) – 73rd Amendment Act

According to Article 243G of the Constitution, State Legislatures may by law can give such powers and authority to Panchayats as may be necessary to enable them to function as institutions of self-government. It contains 29 subjects as mentioned below. These subjects are the backbone of the rural development, poverty alleviation, market, roads and drinking water, etc....

PESA Act – 1996

The Panchayats Act or PESA was enacted by the GoI. The main purpose of the Act is to save the tribal population from exploitation. It is also known as the extension act also. The PESA Act gives special powers to the Gram Sabhas those are present in Scheduled Areas. It empowers the Gram Sabhas to manage the natural resources of those Scheduled Areas. The Gram Sabhas have some certain powers like, the right to mandatory consultation in land acquisition, resettlement, and rehabilitation of displaced persons in those areas....

Summary – 73rd Amendment of Indian Constitution

The 73rd Amendment Act aimed to establish grassroots democracy. It granted authority to state governments to formalize gram panchayats, enabling them to function as self-governing units. This amendment introduced Part IX to the Constitution, titled “The Panchayats,” and incorporated the Eleventh Schedule, outlining 29 functional items for the panchayats. Additionally, it mandated a three-tier Panchayat system at the village, intermediate, and district levels in every state. The act also required reserving one-third of seats for women in Panchayati Raj institutions, including chairperson positions at all levels....

FAQs on 73rd Amendment of Indian Constitution

What is the 73rd Amendment of the Constitution?...