Rural-Urban Composition
Understanding the composition of the population based on their places of residence is crucial for understanding social and economic characteristics. In India, where around 68.8% of the population resides in villages as of 2011, this becomes particularly significant.
- States like Bihar and Sikkim have a very high percentage of rural population, while Goa and Maharashtra have only a little over half of their population living in villages.
- Union Territories generally have a smaller proportion of rural population, except for Dadra and Nagar Haveli, where it stands at 53.38%.
- The size of villages also varies greatly, ranging from less than 200 persons in hill states of northeastern India, Western Rajasthan, and Rann of Kuchchh, to as high as 17 thousand persons in parts of Kerala and Maharashtra.
- The distribution of the rural population in India depends on factors such as urbanization and rural-urban migration, both within states and between states.
- On the other hand, the proportion of the urban population in India is relatively low at 31.16%.
- However, urban areas have been experiencing faster growth rates over the decades due to economic development and improved health and hygiene conditions.
- The distribution of urban population also varies widely across the country. Almost all states and Union Territories have witnessed a considerable increase in urban population, indicating both socio-economic development in urban areas and increased rural-urban migration.
- Urbanization is particularly noticeable along main road links and railroads in the North Indian Plains, industrial areas around major cities like Kolkata, Mumbai, and Bengaluru, and agricultural regions like the Ganga Plains and Telangana.
- However, parts of Western Rajasthan, northeastern hilly and tribal areas, and flood-prone areas in peninsular India have remained less urbanized.
Population Composition| Class 12 Geography Notes
Class 12 Geography Notes: Population Composition Class 12 Geography Notes are important for CBSE board exams of Class 12 students. They help students understand the different characteristics of populations, like age, gender, literacy, jobs, religion, and where people live.
By studying these notes, students learn about how societies are made up and how they change over time. Understanding population composition helps students see how societies work and how they can improve. These notes are essential for Class 12 students studying geography because they cover important topics that they need to know for their exams.