The Water Act (Prevention and Control of Pollution) of 1974
Under all environmental laws in India, this particular law is to ensure the prevention and control of water pollution. Maintain or restore the safety and purity of water in various water sources. It gives management authority to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and the State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs).
CPCB and SPSB are statutory bodies established under the Water Act 1974. It empowers CPCB and SPCB to set and enforce effluent standards for industries that discharge pollutants into the water bodies. The CPCB performs these same functions for the Union territories, in addition to formulating policies related to the prevention of water pollution and coordinating the activities of the various SPSBs. SPCB controls industrial wastewater and discharge by approving, denying, and authorizing discharges.
Environmental Laws in India
Environment laws in India mainly focus on the management and preservation of natural resources. Consequently, several environmental legal principles are enforced to save the environment from exploitation. The emphasis is mainly laid on forests, minerals, and fisheries. The implementation of environmental laws in India is directly associated with the Indian constitution. The framework of environmental laws is mainly enacted for the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Not only the laws but India’s international commitment also look after this fact to protect the environment as much as possible. Some of the significant environmental laws are portrayed below with detailed explanations.
The Environmental laws of India not only attempt to safeguard the environment from the crisis situation but also serve as an important reminder of who and how is allowed to use the natural resources and under what circumstances. Under the Environmental Protection Act of 1986, water, air, and land serve interpersonal relationships which occur among them as well as humans along with plants, microorganisms, and property, which is referred to as Environment.