Ipso Nitration
Ipso nitration involves the substitution of a hydrogen atom with a nitro (-NO2) groups on the carbon adjacent to the aromatic ring. This reaction is typically carried out using a mixture of acids, which produces the nitronium ion (NO2+), the active species in the reaction. The reaction can also be carried out using other nitrating agents.
Nitration in Benzene
Benzene reacts with a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid at 50° C. As the temperature rises, the chances of getting more than one nitro group substituted for the ring increase, resulting in the formation of nitrobenzene. The reaction for the same is,
C6H6 + HNO3 → C6H5NO2 + H2O
Nitration
Nitration is a chemical process that helps introduce nitro group (-NO2) in an organic compound. But sometimes, the term is misunderstood to represent different processes, like forming nitrate esters among nitric acids and alcohols, which takes place in synthesizing nitroglycerin. The main difference between nitrates and nitro compounds is the bonding of nitrogen atoms with oxygen or carbon.
In this article, we will learn about, Nitration Definition, Nitration Mechanism, Types of Nitration, Nitrating Agent, and others in detail.
Table of Content
- What is Nitration?
- Nitration Mechanism
- Types of Nitration
- Electrophilic Substitution Mechanism
- Nitrating Agents
- Examples of Nitration
- Factors Affecting Nitration
- Applications of Nitration